Parameterization of dust flux emitted by convective turbulent dust emission (CTDE) over the Horqin Sandy Land area

Ju, Tingting; Li, Xiaolan; Zhang, Hongsheng; Cai, Xuhui; Song, Yu

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.05.043

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…SDSs were shown to be an important source of PM 10 pollution in East Asia [8,9]. Many methods, including observations and numerical models, have been used to comprehend SDSs processes [7,[10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of a Severe Sand and Dust Storm Event in March 2021 in Northern China: Dust Emission Schemes Comparison and the Role of Gusty Wind

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2022

Atmosphere

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Northern China experienced a severe sand and dust storm (SDS) on 14/15 March 2021. It was difficult to simulate this severe SDS event accurately. This study compared the performances of three dust-emission schemes on simulating PM10 concentration during this SDS event by implementing three vertical dust flux parameterizations in the Comprehensive Air-Quality Model with Extensions (CAMx) model. Additionally, a statistical gusty-wind model was implemented in the dust-emission scheme, and it was used to quantify the gusty-wind contribution to dust emissions and peak PM10 concentration. As a result, the LS scheme (Lu and Shao 1999) produced the minimum errors for peak PM10 concentrations, the MB scheme (Marticorena and Bergametti 1995) underestimated the PM10 concentrations by 70–90%, and the KOK scheme (Kok et al. 2014) overestimated PM10 concentrations by 10–50% in most areas. The gusty-wind model could reasonably reproduce the probability density function of 2-min wind speeds. There were 5–40% more dust-emission flux and 5–40% more peak PM10 concentrations generated by the gusty wind than the hourly wind in the dust-source regions. The increase of peak PM10 concentration caused by gusty wind in the non-dust-source regions was higher than in the dust-source regions, with 10–50%. Implementing the gusty-wind model could help improve the LS scheme’s performance in simulating PM10 concentrations of this severe SDS event. More work is still needed to investigate the reliability of the gusty-wind model and LS scheme on various SDS events.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of a Severe Sand and Dust Storm Event in March 2021 in Northern China: Dust Emission Schemes Comparison and the Role of Gusty Wind

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2022

Atmosphere

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“…Considering the variable values of the saltation threshold for different soils and atmospheric conditions, Table 3 summarizes the temporally averaged area fraction at which a certain friction velocity is exceeded. The value of u * t ≈ 0.2 m s 1 corresponds to the minimum value of Equation 3, u * t ≈ 0.21 m s 1 corresponds to the minimum threshold friction velocity of the AFWA scheme, and u * t = 0.4 m s 1 as well as u * t = 0.6 m s 1 follow the suggestions of Li et al (2014) and Ju et al (2018), respectively, to clearly separate saltation from CTDE.…”

Section: Friction Velocities and The Saltation Thresholdmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…These structures are reminiscent of (elongated) streaks in the surface layer that have often been reported in the literature for the velocity field (e.g., Asmuth et al., 2021; Leonardi et al., 2004; Moeng & Sullivan, 1994). Analogous patterns of large‐scale dust emission caused by horizontal winds due to turbulent convection were also examined in studies based on direct aerodynamic entrainment and termed as CTDE events (e.g., Ju et al., 2018; Klose & Shao, 2012; Klose et al., 2014; Li et al., 2014). However, the parameterization of CTDE usually assumes the absence of saltation and, consequently, that the respective dust emission is solely governed by direct aerodynamic entrainment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saltation‐Induced Dust Emission of Dust Devils in the Convective Boundary Layer—An LES Study on the Meter Scale

Klamt,

Giersch,

Raasch

2024

JGR Atmospheres

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Dust devils are vertically oriented, columnar vortices that form within the atmospheric convective boundary layer (CBL) of dry regions. They are able to lift a sufficient amount of soil particles including dust to become visible and are considered as a potentially important dust source for the atmosphere. Mineral dust, a key component of atmospheric aerosols, influences the climate by affecting the radiation budget and cloud formation. Current estimates of the contribution of dust devils to the global, regional, and local dust release vary considerably from less than 1% to more than 50%. To address this uncertainty, we perform the highest resolved large‐eddy simulation (LES) study on dust emission in the CBL to date, using the PALM model system and the saltation‐based Air Force Weather Agency (AFWA) dust emission scheme. Our results show that under desert‐like conditions, dust devils are responsible for an average of 5% of regional dust emissions, with temporary maxima of up to 15%. This contrasts with previous measurement‐based (>35%) and LES‐based estimates (∼0.1%). Local emissions of dust devils (up to 10 mg m−2 s−1) are 1–3 orders of magnitude higher than the emission in the surroundings. This makes dust devils important for air quality and visibility. Additionally, our study reveals previously unknown large‐scale convective dust emission patterns. These patterns are tied to the CBL's cellular flow structure and are the main cause of dust release. Contrary to other studies, our findings clarify the important role of saltation‐induced dust emission.

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“…The geographical location of the station is shown in Figure 1. The surrounding underlying surface of the Horqin station is considered to be nearly ideally homogeneous and flat, thanks to its composition of fixed, shifting, and semi‐shifting sand dunes (Ju et al ., 2018; Wei et al ., 2021b). Its vegetation is mainly comprised of low and open shrubs (Park and Park, 2014; Li and Zhang, 2015).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative description and characteristics of submeso motion and turbulence intermittency

Ren

Zhang

et al. 2023

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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Turbulence intermittency driven by submeso motions limits the progress of turbulence theory. Field observations from the Horqin Atmospheric Boundary‐Layer and Environment Experimental Station, China were used to investigate turbulence intermittency. An automated algorithm to Separate and reconstruct Submeso and Turbulent motions (SST) was improved for more accurately extraction and quantitative characterization of submeso motions. The existing intermittency intensity indexes, the local intermittency strength of turbulence (LIST) and intermittency strength (IS), which are based on kinetic energy only, are revised by considering the potential energy of submeso and turbulent motions to quantify intermittency intensity more comprehensively. The analysis of eight cases revealed that turbulent intermittency events are characterized by quiescent (pulsation, material, and energy transportation are weak) and burst (pulsation, material, and energy transportation fluctuate violently) periods. The conversion of both the kinetic and potential energy of submeso to turbulent motion contributes to the transition from quiescent to burst periods. The transition always occurs after ∆normalTE$$ \Delta \mathrm{TE} $$ <0 (the total energy difference between the submeso motion and turbulence), followed by a significant increase in ∆normalTE$$ \Delta \mathrm{TE} $$. Atmospheric stability decreases during the transition from quiescent to burst periods in most cases. In a totally intermittent night, the burst periods take up most of the material and energy transport, and the amount transported is not smaller than that during a totally turbulent night. The weaker the intermittency at night, the greater the capacity of turbulent transport. A comparison of five types of turbulence intermittency intensity indexes highlights the consistency and advantages between LIST (IS) and indexes in the literature. Finally, we found that turbulent intermittency events tended to occur more easily in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) with small winds (U < 2 m s−1) or stable stratification (Rib > 1), although they can also occur in ABL with unstable stratification and in the non‐stationary state of the day–night transition.

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Parameterization of dust flux emitted by convective turbulent dust emission (CTDE) over the Horqin Sandy Land area

Cited by 7 publications

References 43 publications

Simulation of a Severe Sand and Dust Storm Event in March 2021 in Northern China: Dust Emission Schemes Comparison and the Role of Gusty Wind

Simulation of a Severe Sand and Dust Storm Event in March 2021 in Northern China: Dust Emission Schemes Comparison and the Role of Gusty Wind

Saltation‐Induced Dust Emission of Dust Devils in the Convective Boundary Layer—An LES Study on the Meter Scale

Quantitative description and characteristics of submeso motion and turbulence intermittency

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