Parameterizing tidal dissipation over rough topography

Jayne, Steven R.; Laurent, Louis C. St.

doi:10.1029/2000gl012044

Cited by 364 publications

(463 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…1a). Despite the differences in the tide model used, the distribution of Ec in the present study is basically the same as that obtained in previous studies 32 .…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 77%

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Pacific deep circulation and ventilation controlled by tidal mixing away from the sea bottom

Oka

Niwa

2013

Nat Commun

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Vertical mixing in the ocean is a key driver of the global ocean thermohaline circulation, one of the most important factors controlling past and future climate change. Prior observational and theoretical studies have focused on intense tidal mixing near the sea bottom (near-field mixing). However, ocean general circulation models that employ a parameterization of nearfield mixing significantly underestimate the strength of the Pacific thermohaline circulation. Here we demonstrate that tidally induced mixing away from the sea bottom (far-field mixing) is essential in controlling the Pacific thermohaline circulation. Via the addition of far-field mixing to a widely used tidal parameterization, we successfully simulate the Pacific thermohaline circulation. We also propose that far-field mixing is indispensable for explaining the presence of the world ocean's oldest water in the eastern North Pacific Ocean. Our findings suggest that far-field mixing controls ventilation of the deep Pacific Ocean, a process important for ocean carbon and biogeochemical cycles.

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“…1a). Despite the differences in the tide model used, the distribution of Ec in the present study is basically the same as that obtained in previous studies 32 .…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 77%

“…In previous studies 7,8,11 , Ec was empirically derived from the parameterized wave drag term in their barotropic tide model 32 (that is, vertically integrated model). Conversely, in this study, we use Ec explicitly calculated from a threedimensional tide model 14 (Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pacific deep circulation and ventilation controlled by tidal mixing away from the sea bottom

Oka

Niwa

2013

Nat Commun

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“…In addition, Egbert and Ray [44] estimated that the M 2 tide dissipation is 40 GW, which is the same order as 10 GW from the results of Tian et al [43]. Simmons et al [45] incorporated the tidal mixing parameterization [46] into MOM3. Their results showed that the scheme resulted in a substantial reduction of temperature/salinity biases.…”

Section: The Effects Of Vertical Mixing On Mocmentioning

confidence: 73%

Analysis of deep-layer and bottom circulations in the South China Sea based on eight quasi-global ocean model outputs

et al. 2013

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This study is a preliminary analysis of the South China Sea (SCS) deep circulations using eight quasi-global high-resolution ocean model outputs. The goal is to assess models' ability to simulate these deep circulations. The analysis reveals that models' deep temperatures are colder than the observations in the World Ocean Atlas, while most models' deep salinity values are higher than the observations, indicating models' deep water is generally colder and saltier than the reality. Moreover, there are long-term trends in both temperature and salinity simulations. The Luzon Strait transport below 1500 m is 0.36 Sv when averaged for all models, smaller compared with the observation, which is about 2.5 Sv. Four assimilated models and one unassimilated (OCCAM) display that the Luzon deep-layer overflow reaches its minimum in spring and its maximum in winter. The vertically integrated streamfunctions below 2400 m from these models show a deep cyclonic circulation in the SCS on a large scale, but the pattern is different from the diagnostic streamfunction from the U.S Navy Generalized Digital Environment Model (GDEM-Version 3.0, GDEMv3). The meridional overturning structure above 1000 m is similar in all models, but the spatial distribution and intensity below 1500 m are quite different from model to model. Moreover, the meridional overturning below 2400 m in these models is weaker than that of the GDEMv3, which indicates a deep vertical mixing process in these models is biased weak. Based on the above evaluation, this paper discusses the impacts of T/S initial value, topography, and mixing scheme on the SCS deep circulations, which may provide a reference for future model improvement. quasi-global ocean model, deep-layer and bottom SCS circulations, model evaluation Citation:Xie Q, Xiao J G, Wang D X, et al. Analysis of deep-layer and bottom circulations in the South China Sea based on eight quasi-global ocean model outputs.

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“…Typical values for the deep ocean (N $ 10 À5 s À1 , U $ 1 cm/s) thus give k ' 2p/ (10 km). This is the same order as the optimal value of k employed in a recent deep ocean internal wave parameterization scheme [Jayne and St. Laurent, 2001], in which k was set to minimize the difference between modelled and observed tides. In rough regions of the ocean we assume the wave amplitude is limited by nonlinear effects in which case we take h ' C a U/N, with C a = 0.5.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large‐amplitude internal wave generation in the lee of step‐shaped topography

Sutherland

2002

Geophysical Research Letters

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[1] Laboratory experiments show that as uniformly stratified fluid flows over a smoothly-varying step, two wave-like phenomena result: boundary-trapped lee waves, characterized by an undular shear layer downstream of the base of the step, and internal waves, which propagate vertically away from the step. The frequency of both types of waves is an approximately constant fraction of the buoyancy frequency. The frequency of internal waves is moderately smaller than lee waves if the step size is small but, if the step size is large, the frequencies match more closely. Thus nonlinear dynamics act so that internal waves are generated not by topography alone but also by flow over the boundary-trapped lee waves that act as ''fluidic'' hills. This new mechanism for internal wave generation may be an important factor in mixing over rough topography in the ocean.

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Parameterizing tidal dissipation over rough topography

Cited by 364 publications

References 18 publications

Pacific deep circulation and ventilation controlled by tidal mixing away from the sea bottom

Pacific deep circulation and ventilation controlled by tidal mixing away from the sea bottom

Analysis of deep-layer and bottom circulations in the South China Sea based on eight quasi-global ocean model outputs

Large‐amplitude internal wave generation in the lee of step‐shaped topography

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