Parameters affecting water vapor adsorption by the soil under semi-arid climatic conditions

Kosmas, C.; Marathianou, M.; Gerontidis, St; Detsis, Vassilis; Tsara, M.; Poesen, Jean

doi:10.1016/s0378-3774(00)00113-x

Cited by 64 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This should, however, not be mistaken for the temperature dependency of respiration, given that attributing the atypical observations to biological respiration would come down to Q 10 values (the factor by which the soil respiration rate increases with a 10°rise in temperature) exceeding 100, which is biologically impossible (Davidson and Janssens, 2006). During the nighttime, on the other hand, the re-humidification of the soil that is observed during dry summers (due to condensation and hydraulic uplifting of water from deeper layers) (Kosmas et al, 2001;Verhoef et al, 2006), the lack of surface heating, and the lower level of air turbulence, limit the nocturnal ventilation and allow soil CO 2 concentrations to rise again. Figure 4 gives an overview of the daily cycle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In dryer regions or periods, daytime evaporative water losses induce oversaturation of DIC and thus precipitation of calcium carbonate and associated production of CO 2 . In dry conditions, these daytime water losses are often compensated during the night, at least partly, by water vapor condensation or adsorption (Kosmas et al, 2001;Verhoef et al, 2006), causing undersaturation of DIC that leads to the reverse reactions: dissolution of carbonates and CO 2 uptake. If this dissolution exceeds CO 2 production within the soil, then nighttime CO 2 uptake from the atmosphere could occur, as occasionally reported in literature (Hastings et al, 2005;Kowalski et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Atmospheric turbulence triggers pronounced diel pattern in karst carbonate geochemistry

et al. 2013

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Abstract. CO2 exchange between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere is key to understanding the feedbacks between climate change and the land surface. In regions with carbonaceous parent material, CO2 exchange patterns occur that cannot be explained by biological processes, such as disproportionate outgassing during the daytime or nighttime CO2 uptake during periods when all vegetation is senescent. Neither of these phenomena can be attributed to carbonate weathering reactions, since their CO2 exchange rates are too small. Soil ventilation induced by high atmospheric turbulence is found to explain atypical CO2 exchange between carbonaceous systems and the atmosphere. However, by strongly altering subsurface CO2 concentrations, ventilation can be expected to influence carbonate weathering rates. By imposing ventilation-driven CO2 outgassing in a carbonate weathering model, we show here that carbonate geochemistry is accelerated and does play a surprisingly large role in the observed CO2 exchange pattern of a semi-arid ecosystem. We found that by rapidly depleting soil CO2 during the daytime, ventilation disturbs soil carbonate equilibria and therefore strongly magnifies daytime carbonate precipitation and associated CO2 production. At night, ventilation ceases and the depleted CO2 concentrations increase steadily. Dissolution of carbonate is now enhanced, which consumes CO2 and largely compensates for the enhanced daytime carbonate precipitation. This is why only a relatively small effect on global carbonate weathering rates is to be expected. On the short term, however, ventilation has a drastic effect on synoptic carbonate weathering rates, resulting in a pronounced diel pattern that exacerbates the non-biological behavior of soil–atmosphere CO2 exchanges in dry regions \\mbox{with carbonate soils}.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric turbulence triggers pronounced diel pattern in karst carbonate geochemistry

et al. 2013

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“…The programming software Ansys was used for the simulation with the finite element method, allowing the study of the behaviour of the active working part, the normal stress being analysed in real conditions, at various depths and velocities for a soil with a claysandy texture [8,9].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical simulation with the finite element using the contact between the soil and the actively working body

Chiorescu

Dodun

2017

MATEC Web Conf.

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Abstract. In this present paper, because of the complexity of the system soil -agricultural machine, we will use an analytical model which respects the geometry of the active element, realising a prediction of the forces which result at the dislocation of the soil. This study analyses the behavior of the working tool, part of the soil processing machine, using the Finite Element Method (FEM) in three different stages. In the pre-processing stage, the objective was to design a three dimensional model in CATIA V5, in keeping with the geometry of the active element, represented by the Cartesian coordinates, together with a portion of the soil rendered as a parallelepiped shape. The second stage followed the introduction of conditions both for the working part, through the fastening of the plowshare frame, the moving direction and velocity, and for the soil, through the action of the cohesion and internal friction forces. In the third stage, called the processing stage, there is the simulation of the process of soil displacement done in real conditions, for various degrees of refinement of the discretization network in finite elements.

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“…Calcic nodules are much different from soil particles in chemical and physical properties, resulting in the evaporation process in soil containing calcic nodules to be different from homogeneous soil [9][10][11]. First, calcic nodules can modify soil configuration and surface properties, leading to the changes of surface roughness and soil reflectivity that is closely linked to soil thermal property [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaporation Process in Soil Surface Containing Calcic Nodules on the Northern Loess Plateau of China by Simulated Experiments

Zhu

Shao

2009

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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Soil containing calcic nodules is widely present on the northern Loess Plateau of China owing to soil genesis under local climate conditions. In most studies, little attention is payed to the effect of calcic nodules on soil evaporation and ecoenvironment, resulting in inaccurate evaporation estimation in this kind of soil and further improper field water management measures and irrigation effects. In this paper, soil column experiments were conducted in order to investigate evaporation process in soil containing calcic nodules and the effect of calcic nodules on soil evaporation was determined. The results indicated that evaporation reduction was positively related to calcic nodule content (CNC = mass of calcic nodules/total mass), and could be estimated by the experiential equation: E soil = E 0 (1 -0.4 CNC) (E soil = actual evaporation, E 0 = theory evaporation in soil without calcic nodules). When CNC was below 0.2, the impact could be neglected. While, as CNC exceeded 0.2, the impact needed to be considered during soil evaporation estimation. As CNC reached 0.5, soil evaporation could be reduced by 7.5 mm, accounting for around 10% of the total soil water. Water balance calculation in soil columns showed that water absorbed by calcic nodules was partially available to evaporation. Water available to evaporation was positively related to CNC, and this water could not exceed 63% of the water absorbed by calcic nodules. Generally, evaporation behavior was dominated by calcic nodule quantity and its water absorption. These results provide new ideas for irrigation measures in arid areas of the globe.

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Parameters affecting water vapor adsorption by the soil under semi-arid climatic conditions

Cited by 64 publications

References 12 publications

Atmospheric turbulence triggers pronounced diel pattern in karst carbonate geochemistry

Atmospheric turbulence triggers pronounced diel pattern in karst carbonate geochemistry

Numerical simulation with the finite element using the contact between the soil and the actively working body

Evaporation Process in Soil Surface Containing Calcic Nodules on the Northern Loess Plateau of China by Simulated Experiments

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