Parameters Design for a Parallel Hybrid Electric Bus Using Regenerative Brake Model

Abstract

A design methodology which uses the regenerative brake model is introduced to determine the major system parameters of a parallel electric hybrid bus drive train. Hybrid system parameters mainly include the power rating of internal combustion engine (ICE), gear ratios of transmission, power rating, and maximal torque of motor, power, and capacity of battery. The regenerative model is built in the vehicle model to estimate the regenerative energy in the real road conditions. The design target is to ensure that the vehicle meets the specified vehicle performance, such as speed and acceleration, and at the same time, operates the ICE within an expected speed range. Several pairs of parameters are selected from the result analysis, and the fuel saving result in the road test shows that a 25% reduction is achieved in fuel consumption.

Intrinsic Characteristics of Forward Simulation Modeling Electric Vehicle for Energy Analysis

“…In order to stop the tire, a force must be applied that is contrary to the rotation movement, which is calculated in (2). In fact, Equation (2) calculates the necessary braking for just one wheel, it being necessary to multiply this result by the total number of wheels in order to obtain the necessary total braking force in the vehicle [31].…”

Energy Consumption of the Urban Transport Fleet in UNESCO World Heritage Sites: A Case Study of Ávila (Spain)

“…Considering this situation, the objective of the present research is to look for energy optimization in the Urban Transport (UT) fleet [29] of one of these WHS cities: Ávila. Regenerative braking systems provide an additional charge to the hybrid batteries while the vehicle is in motion [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37]. In other words, they take advantage of a large part of the kinetic energy of the vehicle and transform it into electrical energy, which can then be used as a source of energy for the electric motor.…”

Working cycle identification–based braking control strategy and its application for hydraulic hybrid loader

“…[1][2][3][4][5] In the process of starting, speeding up, slowing down, and braking, hydraulic hybrid power system can stably charge/ discharge energy at a higher power density. It makes engineering vehicles with such a system widely used.…”

“…As the energy and environment problem becomes more and more serious, hydraulic hybrid engineering vehicles are becoming an important way of technological innovation in automotive industry for its features on fuel economy and environmental protection. [1][2][3][4][5] In the process of starting, speeding up, slowing down, and braking, hydraulic hybrid power system can stably charge/ discharge energy at a higher power density. It makes engineering vehicles with such a system widely used.…”