Parameters of neutrophil functional activity in children with hereditary spherocytosis

Abstract

This study investigates the functional activity of peripheral blood neutrophils in children with hereditary spherocytosis − one of the most common forms of congenital hemolytic anemias. For the first time, a comprehensive examination of various aspects of neutrophil reactivity in this pathology was conducted, including their ability to form reactive oxygen species and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETosis). The results revealed significant changes in neutrophil functional activity in patients with hereditary spherocytosis outside of hemolytic crisis, particularly an increased capacity for reactive oxygen species formation and enhanced NETosis. Notably pronounced NETosis activation was observed in patients of the younger age group (up to 5 years). Correlations were identified between NETosis indicators and the number of erythrocytes and leukocytes in patients' peripheral blood. This study contributes significantly to understanding the relationship between erythrocyte pathology and neutrophil functional status, an aspect that had not been previously studied in detail in the context of hereditary spherocytosis.