A new method is proposed and considered theoretically for using phase-sensitive amplification as the intensitydiscrimination (saturable absorption) element in a laser cavity to generate stable and robust mode-locking. The phase-sensitive amplifier acts as a phase-filter for selecting the specific intensity dependent phase-rotation of the mode-locked pulse that locks the phase to the amplifier pump phase. The nonlinear phase-rotation is analogous to the nonlinear polarization rotation which is used with passive polarizers for mode-locking. It is demonstrated that the phase-sensitive amplification mechanism can indeed result in stable mode-locking. An average cavity model explicitly calculates the stability of the mode-locked pulses.
Keywords: Mode-locked lasers, parametric amplifiers, solitonsMode-locked lasers have been developed in a wide variety of cavity configurations. 1 The fundamental physical mechanism responsible for generating stable mode-locked pulse streams, i.e. saturable absorption, polarization rotation, nonlinear interferometry, active modulation, or nonlinear mode-coupling, can be significantly different in the various cavity configurations. Common to each mode-locked laser, however, is the intensity discrimination which is achieved by the mode-locking mechanism. The intensity discrimination preferentially attenuates lowintensity portions of a pulse with respect to higher intensity portions. When combined with the laser cavity saturable gain, chromatic dispersion and self-phase modulation, stable mode-locking operation may be achieved. In this manuscript, we propose a novel method for achieving the required intensity discrimination in the cavity. Specifically, we show that the intensity-dependent phase rotation in the laser cavity in combination with phasesensititive amplification, which acts as a phase filter, can generate and support stable mode-locked pulses. The resulting mode-locked solutions are soliton-like pulses that are locked in phase to the pump phase of the phasesensitive amplifier. The amplifier, via the pump phase, thus acts to provide both the intensity-discrimination required of mode-locked in conjunction with a stabilization mechanism for the generated soliton-like pulses.Three effects are critical in the mode-locking process. First is the equilibration of energy in the laser which is provided by the saturating cavity gain (e.g. erbium-doped amplifiers). Second is the intensity discrimination which must occur in order for the cavity energy to begin pulse formation or localization. And finally, the onset of pulse formation ultimately leads to soliton generation as a result of the balance of the cavity chromatic dispersion and self-phase modulation. 1 These three physical processes are common to mode-locked lasers operating in the anomalous dispersion regime. The effect which changes most from one mode-locked laser to the next is the mechanism responsible for the intensity discrimination. The laser cavity configurations listed above have a variety of different physical mechanisms p...