Parametric representation of X-ray detector efficiency curves

Full-energy peak efficiency of Si drift and Si(Li) detectors for photons with energies above the Si K binding energy

“…Gallagher and Cipolla proposed an expression that differs slightly from Eqn , but that is constructed from it. It is not linear in some parameters and often yields fitted values that depart from the physical expectations, as highlighted by Campbell et al Moreover, the intrinsic efficiency depends only on the photoelectric attenuation coefficient and not on the total attenuation coefficient, which can introduce sizeable errors for photon energies above 20 keV [see the remark after Eqn ].…”

Accurate measurement ofKx-ray intensities of elements withZ=79–82

“…As a consequence, the uncertainty in the relative intensity measured with these detectors in this energy region is more (Table III) For the energy region =30 -60 keV, on the other hand, HPGe and Ge(Li) x-ray detectors should be preferred because in addition to the plateau in this energy region (Fig. 1) they have better energy resolution (Table II) and Si(Li) detectors having the plateau =8 -15 keV [13] can be used for the accurate measurement of relative intensities in the lower-energy region.…”

Energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry

“…photon can severely overload a system optimised for x-rays in the 1 to 10 keV energy range. Walter [10] shows one example where the overload due to 122 keV y-rays from a Co [57] source degraded the resolution of an FeKa peak by 10 eV. Even in XRF systems operating at much lower energies, the fast reject facility is useful in saving some of the dead time normally spent in processing the dominant large-amplitude backscatter pulses, and trace element x-rays can therefore be recorded at higher rates.…”

“…Detailed experimental studies of the Ge K-edge discontinuity have appeared [57,58]. These are based on comparisons of the detected ratios either of La/Lp or Ka/Kp x-ray intensities with known theoretical or experimental values from elements with emitted x-ray energies near and above the K-edge, or which straddle it (e.g.…”

“…Ka and KP peaks from arsenic). The La,P x-rays may be excited in foils of heavy elements of Ta, W, Ir, Pt, Au, Hg, T1, Pb, and Bi (covering the energy range 8.088 to 13.021 keV) either by low-energy protons or by an 241Am source, which excites few, if any, K x-rays in these elements [57]. The Ka and Kp x-rays can be excited by an 24 1 Am source in thin samples of Ga, Ge, As, Se, Br, and Rb (covering the region 9.252 to 14.951 keV) [58].…”