Parametric Study of eVTOL Rotor Acoustic Design Trades

Weitsman, Daniel; Greenwood, Eric

doi:10.2514/6.2021-1987

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 13 publications

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“…Noise predictions are made using a tool called VSP2WOPWOP, which was developed for the preliminary assessment of eVTOL acoustic design trades. 58 VSP2WOPWOP is an open source tool that allows users to quickly generate rotor or propeller geometries using NASA's OpenVSP 59 conceptual design software, analyze the aerodynamic performance using blade element methods, and then perform aeroacoustic analyses from the blade geometry and predicted airloads using PSU-WOPWOP. [60][61][62][63][64] PSU-WOPWOP is a multifidelity aeroacoustic prediction code that solves Farassat's Formulation 1A of the FW-H equation for arbitrary surface geometries and motions, making it well suited to the prediction of rotorcraft noise.…”

Section: Rotor Noise Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and opportunities for low noise electric aircraft

Greenwood

Brentner

Rau

et al. 2022

International Journal of Aeroacoustics

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A new class of electric aircraft is being developed to transport people and goods as a part of the urban and regional transportation infrastructure. To gain public acceptance of these operations, these aircraft need to be much quieter than conventional airplanes and helicopters. This article seeks to review and summarize the aeroacoustic research relevant to this new category of aircraft. First, a brief review of the history of electric aircraft is provided, with an emphasis on how these aircraft differ from conventional aircraft. Next, the physics of rotor noise generation are reviewed, and the noise sources most likely to be of concern for electric aircraft are highlighted. These are divided into deterministic and nondeterministic sources of noise. Deterministic noise is expected to be dominated by the unsteady loading noise caused by the aerodynamic interactions between components. Nondeterministic noise will be generated by the interaction of the rotor or propeller blades with turbulence from ingested wakes, the atmosphere, and self-generated in the boundary layer. The literature for these noise sources is reviewed with a focus on applicability to electric aircraft. Challenges faced by the aeroacoustician in understanding the noise generation of electric aircraft are then identified, as well as the new opportunities for the prediction and reduction of electric aircraft noise that may be enabled by advances in computational aeroacoustics, flight simulation, and autonomy.

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Section: Rotor Noise Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%