Parametric Study of Fireplace Particulate Matter and Carbon Monoxide Emissions

Stern, Curtis H.; Jaasma, D.R.; Shelton, J.W.; Satterfield, Gary

doi:10.1080/10473289.1992.10467029

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This is considerably less than the U.S. EPA emission factor for fireplace wood combustion of 17.3 g of PM2.5/kg of wood burned (37) [making the assumption that the particles emitted are predominantly less than 2.5 µm in diameter (38)]. However, our results agree with several previous studies of the fine particle emission rates from fireplaces (16,25,(39)(40). There was no observed correlation between wood moisture content and fine particle mass emission rate.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Chemical Characterization of Fine Particle Emissions from Fireplace Combustion of Woods Grown in the Northeastern United States

Fine

Cass

Simoneit

2001

Environ. Sci. Technol.

567

408

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A series of source tests was conducted to determine the chemical composition of fine particle emissions from the fireplace combustion of six species of woods grown in the northeastern United States: red maple, northern red oak, paper birch, eastern white pine, eastern hemlock, and balsam fir. Results include fine particle emission rates for total mass, organic and elemental carbon, ionic species, elemental species including potassium, and over 250 specific organic compounds. The data are intended for use in source-apportionment studies that utilize particulate organic compounds as source-specific tracers. The cellulose pyrolysis product levoglucosan was quantified in each of the wood smokes studied and is thus a good candidate as a molecular tracer for wood combustion in general. Differences in emission rates of specific substituted phenols and resin acids can be used to distinguish between the smoke produced when burning hardwoods versus softwoods. Certain organic compounds, such as betulin from paper birch combustion and juvabione and dehydrojuvabione from balsam fir combustion, are unique to those species and can potentially be utilized to trace particulate emissions back to a specific geographical region where those individual tree species are used for firewood.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Chemical Characterization of Fine Particle Emissions from Fireplace Combustion of Woods Grown in the Northeastern United States

Fine

Cass

Simoneit

2001

Environ. Sci. Technol.

567

408

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The fine particle (dp < 2.5 µm) mass emission factor for fireplace combustion of Southern U.S. wood species averaged 4.3 g of particulate matter emitted kg -1 of wood burned with a range from 1.6 to 6.8 g kg -1 over all six wood species tested. These results correspond well to the 5.3 g kg -1 average fine particle mass emission rate from combustion of the Northeastern U.S. woods reported previously (22) and are comparable to several previous studies on fireplace wood combustion (21,(30)(31)(32). All of the more recently published emission rates for PM2.5 are lower than the present USEPA emission factor for fireplace wood combustion of 17.3 g PM2.5 per kilogram wood burned [1996 #33].…”

Section: Experimental Methodssupporting

confidence: 92%

Chemical Characterization of Fine Particle Emissions from the Fireplace Combustion of Woods Grown in the Southern United States

Fine

Cass

Simoneit

2002

Environ. Sci. Technol.

413

328

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The fireplace combustion of wood is a significant and largely unregulated source of fine particle pollution in the United States. Source apportionment techniques that use particulate organic compounds as tracers have been successful in determining the contribution of wood smoke to ambient fine particle levels in specific areas in California. To apply these techniques to the rest of the United States, the differences in emissions profiles between different wood smoke sources and fuel types should be resolved. To this end, a series of fireplace source tests was conducted on six fuel wood species found in the Southern United States to determine fine particulate emission factors for total mass, ionic and elemental species, elemental and organic carbon, and over 250 individual organic compounds. The wood species tested, chosen for their high abundance and availability in the Southern U.S. region, were yellow poplar, white ash, sweetgum, mockernut hickory, loblolly pine, and slash pine. The differences in the emissions of compounds such as substituted phenols and resin acids help to distinguish between the smoke from hardwood and softwood combustion. Levoglucosan, a cellulose pyrolysis product which may serve as a tracer for wood smoke in general, was quantified in the emissions from all the wood species burned. The furofuran lignan, yangambin, which was emitted in significant quantities from yellow poplar combustion and not detected in any of the other North American wood smokes, is a potential species-specific molecular tracer which may be useful in qualitatively identifying particulate emissions from a specific geographical area where yellow poplar is being burned.

show abstract

“…Different wood combustion appliances, including wood stoves, fireplaces, and any corresponding emissions control equipment, can lead to very different emission characteristics even when the same woods are burned [ McCrillis and Burnet , 1990; McCrillis et al , 1992; McDonald et al , 2000]. Other factors such as fuel moisture content, burn rate, log size, and log configuration also can significantly affect emission rates [ Burnet et al , 1986; McCrillis and Burnet , 1990; McCrillis et al , 1992; Stern et al , 1992]. Currently, the best estimates of the amount of fine‐particulate matter emitted to the atmosphere from residential wood combustion are based on emissions inventory approaches.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic compounds in biomass smoke from residential wood combustion: Emissions characterization at a continental scale

2002

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

[1] Wood smoke in the atmosphere often accounts for 20-30% of the ambient fineparticle concentrations. In communities where wood is burned for home heating, wood smoke can at times contribute the majority of the atmospheric fine-particle burden. Chemical mass balance receptor models that use organic compounds as tracers can be used to determine the contributions of different emission sources, including wood smoke, to atmospheric fine-particle samples. In order for organic chemical tracer techniques to be applied to communities across the United States, differences in wood smoke composition that arise from differences in the type of wood burned in various regions must be understood. A continental-scale accounting of particulate organic compound emissions from residential wood combustion has been constructed which helps to quantify the regional differences in wood smoke composition that exist between different parts of the United States. Data from a series of source tests conducted on 22 North American wood species have been used to assemble a national inventory of emissions for more than 250 individual organic compounds that are released from wood combustion in fireplaces and wood stoves in the United States. The emission rates of important wood smoke markers, such as levoglucosan, certain substituted syringols and guaiacols, and phytosterols vary greatly with wood type and combustor type. These differences at the level of individual wood type and combustion conditions translate into regional differences in the aggregate composition of ambient wood smoke. By weighting the source test results in proportion to the availability of firewood from specific tree species and the quantities of wood burned in each locale, it is possible to investigate systematic differences that exist between wood smokes from different regions of North America. The relative abundance of 10 major wood smoke components averaged over the emissions inventory in different regions of the United States is computed and then used to illustrate the extent to which wood smoke composition differs from region to region in North America.

show abstract

Parametric Study of Fireplace Particulate Matter and Carbon Monoxide Emissions

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Chemical Characterization of Fine Particle Emissions from Fireplace Combustion of Woods Grown in the Northeastern United States

Chemical Characterization of Fine Particle Emissions from Fireplace Combustion of Woods Grown in the Northeastern United States

Chemical Characterization of Fine Particle Emissions from the Fireplace Combustion of Woods Grown in the Southern United States

Organic compounds in biomass smoke from residential wood combustion: Emissions characterization at a continental scale

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About