Parametric Study of Solid Amine Sorbents for the Capture of Carbon Dioxide^†

Abstract

Solid amine sorbents were prepared using mixtures of linear and branched primary, secondary, and tertiary amines. These amines were immobilized within polystyrene (PS)-, silicon dioxide (SiO 2 )-, or polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA)-based substrates at various weight ratios. Testing was conducted in various reactor systems, where the reactive water required for the capture of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) was tracked during the adsorption/desorption cycles by mass spectrometer gas analysis. The water management for these sorbents was quantified and used to assess the technical feasibility of the operating conditions for the capture of CO 2 from simulated flue gas streams. In addition, the heats of reaction and performance capture loading capacities of these sorbents were also determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analyses (TGAs), respectively, in both dry and humidified CO 2 gas streams. The regenerable solid amine sorbents investigated in this study exhibit acceptable CO 2 -capture loading capacities of 2.5-3.5 mol of CO 2 /kg of sorbent by TGA and a laboratory-scale fixed-bed reactor. These sorbents were stable over the adsorption/desorption temperature range of 25-105 °C for 10 cyclic tests. According to the DSC analysis, the heat of reaction generated by these sorbents was in the range of 400-600 Btu/lb. CO 2 , which will require a reactor with heat management capabilities.

A Review of CO2 Capture by Absorption and Adsorption

“…The formed secondary amines exhibited a larger increase in cyclic CO 2 adsorption capacities than the primary amines. The supports including PMMA, polystyrene (PS) and silicon dioxide were also performed by the DOE/NTEL's group (Gray et al, 2009;Ebner et al, 2011;Jiang et al, 2011;. The nano-layered amine-based adsorbents using layer-by-layer nanoassembly technology via alternate deposition of PEI and an oppositely-charged polymer like PMMA and polystyrene sulfonate prepared by NTEL people were also used for CO 2 capture.…”

CO2 Adsorption: Experimental Investigation and CFD Reactor Model Validation

“…There are four main categories of these technologies: precombustion, postcombustion, oxy-fuel combustion, and chemical looping [5]. [12] 13X Zeolite PSA and VSA N/A Chaffee et al [13] 13X Zeolite VSA N/A Schell et al [14] Activated Carbon PSA Fixed bed Wang et al [15] 13X Zeolite and activated carbon VPSA Fixed bed Pirngruber and Leinekugel-Le-Cocq [16] Supported polyamine PSA N/A Siriwardane et al [17] NaOH/CaO TSA TGA and fixed bed Fauth et al [18] Supported mixed amines TSA Fixed bed Gray et al [19] Supported tertiary amine TSA TGA and fixed bed Gray et al [20] Supported amine TSA TGA Lee et al [21] Supported amine TSA TGA Sjostrom et al [22] Supported amine TSA CFB Sjostrom and Krutka [23] Supported amine TSA Fixed bed Monazam et al [24] Supported amine TSA Fluidized bed…”

“…An overview of the literature [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] and the various sorbent reactor configurations is presented in Table 1. Samanta et al [25] and Choi et al [26] provide comprehensive reviews of sorbent processes employing temperature swing, pressure swing, or vacuum swing to regenerate the adsorbate, referred to as PSA, TSA, and VSA concepts, respectively.…”

“…Samanta et al [25] and Choi et al [26] provide comprehensive reviews of sorbent processes employing temperature swing, pressure swing, or vacuum swing to regenerate the adsorbate, referred to as PSA, TSA, and VSA concepts, respectively. The TSA concepts have gained favor recently because the polyamine impregnated sorbents which have strong temperature dependence in the temperature range of interest can be made with high CO 2 capacity [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24].…”

Post-Combustion CO2Capture by Vacuum Swing Adsorption Using Zeolites – a Feasibility Study

“…We therefore need highly selective CO 2 sorbents. That is why many aminebased solid sorbents have been studied for post-combustion CO 2 capture [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Amines can be immobilized on a solid support either by impregnation or by grafting [10].…”