Paramutation (somatic conversion) at the Sulfurea locus of Lycopersicon esculentum V. The localisation of Sulf

Hagemann, Rudolf; Snoad, Brian

doi:10.1038/hdy.1971.104

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…Position effect variegation (PEV) observed in Drosophila is an example of a heterochromatic region causing gene inactivity in normally euchromatic genes translocated into it [26]. In plants, it has been suggested that paramutation of locus sult+ is a result of heterochromatinization of the locus which was caused by spreading effect of neighboring heterochromatin [11]. Prols and Meyer [12] working on Petunia hybrida observed that, in one transgenic line, both transgenes (the maize A1 and the NPTII gene) became inactive.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been proposed that repeated sequences undergo heterochromatinization, which results in gene silencing [8][9][10]. However, heterochromatinization can also spread from the neighboring sequences [11,12]. There are reports suggesting that insertion of a transgene into hypermethylated or heterochromatic region can result in inactivation of the transgene probably by spreading of DNA methylation into the transgene [12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Influence of the Nature of the T-DNA Insertion Region on Transgene Expression in Arabidopsis thaliana

Mirza

2005

Russ J Genet

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In the experiment reported here, effect of the nature of T-DNA integration region on the activity of the transgenes was studied by using a color marker gene in Arabidopsis thaliana. For this purpose, a pale homozygous ch-42 mutant was transformed with the wild-type copy of the gene ( CH-42 ) using kanamycin resistance gene as a selectable marker. Two independent lines were identified in which CH-42 transgene was inactive. The T-DNA flanking sequences were recovered from these inactive and two active lines. These flanking sequences were used to examine copy number and DNA methylation of the T-DNA insertion site in active and inactive lines. Southern blots produced by using Msp I/ Hpa II digested genomic DNA showed signs of methylation in both inactive lines. Furthermore, in one of the inactive line, the T-DNA flanking sequence probe hybridized to highly repetitive sequence. The results suggest some correlation between silencing of the transgene and methylation of its insertion region. MOLECULAR GENETICS* The text was submitted by the author in English.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Influence of the Nature of the T-DNA Insertion Region on Transgene Expression in Arabidopsis thaliana

Mirza

2005

Russ J Genet

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“…Based on the understanding of paramutation in maize, the SULF locus would be suppressed in sulf (paramutated yellow sectors), partially silent in sulf /+ (non-paramutated green sectors) and fully expressed in wild-type (wt). It would also be located in the pericentromeric heterochromatin of chromosome 2 upstream of the S locus (Hagemann and Snoad 1971). To find loci with these characteristics we analysed transcripts of wild-type, non paramutated sulf /+ and paramutated sulf leaves using mRNA-seq.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This paramutated state is heritable and paramutagenic (Hagemann 1969). SULF maps to the pericentromeric heterochromatin of chromosome 2, at approximately 29 cM from the S locus (Solyc02g077390, compound inflorescence) (Hagemann and Snoad 1971) but the affected gene could not be mapped precisely due to low recombination frequency (The Tomato Genome Consortium 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SLTAB2is the paramutatedSULFUREAlocus in tomato

Gouil

Novák

Baulcombe

2015

Preprint

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The sulfurea (sulf ) allele is a silent epigenetic variant of a tomato gene (Solanum lycopersicum) affecting pigment production. It is homozygous lethal but, in a heterozygote sulf /+, the wild type allele undergoes silencing so that the plants exhibit chlorotic sectors. This transfer of the silenced state between alleles resembles the process of paramutation that is best characterised in maize. To understand the mechanism of paramutation we mapped SULF to the ortholog SLTAB2 of an Arabidopsis gene that, consistent with the pigment deficiency, is involved in the translation of photosystem I. Paramutation of SLTAB2 is linked to an increase in DNA methylation and production of small interfering RNAs at its promoter. Virus-induced gene silencing of SLTAB2 phenocopies sulf consistent with the possibility that siRNAs mediate the paramutation of SULFUREA. Unlike the maize systems the paramutagenicity of sulf is not, however, associated with repeated sequences at the region of siRNA production or DNA methylation.

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“…Paramutation at the sulf locus in Lycopersicum esculentum is due to the heterochromatisation of the locus (Hagemann and Snoad, 1971). Mottled aleurone colour in maize is dependent upon whether the R allele is trans-mitted by the male or female gamete (Kermicle, 1970).…”

Section: Dxscussiormentioning

confidence: 99%

The association of induced changes in flax

Durrant

1974

Heredity

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SUMMARYThe three characters, plant weight, amount of nuclear DNA, and h (hairless septa), in which heritable changes have been induced by the environment, are associated in their induction, in inheritance and in crosses, but the association is not complete. In the F,, h is associated with plant weight in the direction of linkage while a flower colour mutation, w, obtained by irradiating plants with Go60, is associated with plant weight in the opposite direction to linkage. Although h and w segregate independently the amount of" positive linkage" of h with plant weight is inversely related to the amount of " negative linkage" of w with plant weight in the particular environments and crosses used. The three environmentally inducible characters are unstable in the F1 and none of the genetic variation in F, need be due to classical segregation or recombination.

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Paramutation (somatic conversion) at the Sulfurea locus of Lycopersicon esculentum V. The localisation of Sulf

Cited by 17 publications

References 16 publications

Influence of the Nature of the T-DNA Insertion Region on Transgene Expression in Arabidopsis thaliana

Influence of the Nature of the T-DNA Insertion Region on Transgene Expression in Arabidopsis thaliana

SLTAB2is the paramutatedSULFUREAlocus in tomato

The association of induced changes in flax

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