Paraneoplastic hypereosinophilia in a patient with peripheral T cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified

Abstract

Under normal physiological conditions, the bone marrow (BM) will have between 1% and 6% eosinophils, translating into a peripheral count of 0.05 – 0.5 ×109/L eosinophils in the blood smear. This process is coordinated by transcription factors with specific roles in differentiation and activation. Secondary eosinophilia may be a paraneoplastic syndrome, related to the presence of a subsequent malignancy, as presented in this case report. Such paraneoplastic manifestations should be addressed properly in order for the patient to receive the best treatment of choice. Even if eosinophilia was associated with B-cell malignancies before, this is a report associating this symptom to a peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not other specified, thus emphasizing the importance of a complex approach for the management of the oncological patient.

Eosinophilic myocarditis mimicking acute coronary syndrome in a young man with T-lymphoblastic lymphoma and hypereosinophilia

“…In our patient’s case, the most likely cause for the severe hypereosinophilia was the progression of the T-lymphoblastic lymphoma. Various cytokines and growth factors are secreted by malignant lymphoma cells which stimulate the bone marrow to induce granulocyte precursors towards differentiation into eosinophils 2. As the patient has no history of bronchial asthma or parasitic infection, other causes for the hyperosinophilia were unlikely.…”

Differential Diagnosis of Malignant Lymphadenopathy Using Flow Cytometry on Fine Needle Aspirate: Report on 269 Cases

“…Moving away from the clinical implications, it also must be considered that formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) samples can be stored for longer, therefore ensuring that retrospective studies can be conducted when compared to flow cytometry. Thus, whilst histology remains the recommended tool for accurate diagnosis of lymphoma, flow cytometry does aid in quick assessments, especially when the clinical presentation requires immediate results [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40].…”

B Cells versus T Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment of Malignant Lymphomas. Are the Lymphocytes Playing the Roles of Muhammad Ali versus George Foreman in Zaire 1974?

“…They often have a variable clinical behavior. Some are indolent cell proliferations, whereas others have an aggressive behavior and a fulminant evolution [1][2][3][4][5]. T-cell lymphomas, in most cases, are classified into the second category, being aggressive tumors with increased resistance to treatment and more frequent and faster relapse rates when compared to B-cell lymphomas [6].…”