Paranoid Delusions in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders and Depression

Bentall, Richard P.; Rouse, Georgina; Kinderman, Peter; Blackwood, Nigel; Howard, Robert; Moore, Rosie; Cummins, Sinead; Corcoran, Rhiannon

doi:10.1097/nmd.0b013e31817108db

Cited by 70 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…From the time of Kraepelin, suspiciousness and paranoia have been considered to be among the main symptoms of psychosis (Kendler et al, 1996). These symptoms may stem from the avoidance of personal exposure and negative self-image, distorting reality in the process so as to strengthen impaired self-esteem (Bentall et al, 2008, Oxman et al, 1982). This avoidant nature is in contrast to mindfulness, which promotes direct engagement with reality and attention to all aspects of the present-moment experience non-judgmentally and non-reactively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schizotypy and mindfulness: Magical thinking without suspiciousness characterizes mindfulness meditators

Antonova

Amaratunga

Wright

et al. 2016

Schizophrenia Research: Cognition

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Despite growing evidence for demonstrated efficacy of mindfulness in various disorders, there is a continuous concern about the relationship between mindfulness practice and psychosis. As schizotypy is part of the psychosis spectrum, we examined the relationship between long-term mindfulness practice and schizotypy in two independent studies. Study 1 included 24 experienced mindfulness practitioners (19 males) from the Buddhist tradition (meditators) and 24 meditation-naïve individuals (all males). Study 2 consisted of 28 meditators and 28 meditation-naïve individuals (all males). All participants completed the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (Raine, 1991), a self-report scale containing 9 subscales (ideas of reference, excessive social anxiety, magical thinking, unusual perceptual experiences, odd/eccentric behavior, no close friends, odd speech, constricted affect, suspiciousness). Participants of study 2 also completed the Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire which assesses observing (Observe), describing (Describe), acting with awareness (Awareness), non-judging of (Non-judgment) and non-reactivity to inner experience (Non-reactivity) facets of trait mindfulness. In both studies, meditators scored significantly lower on suspiciousness and higher on magical thinking compared to meditation-naïve individuals and showed a trend towards lower scores on excessive social anxiety. Excessive social anxiety correlated negatively with Awareness and Non-judgment; and suspiciousness with Awareness, Non-judgment and Non-reactivity facets across both groups. The two groups did not differ in their total schizotypy score. We conclude that mindfulness practice is not associated with an overall increase in schizotypal traits. Instead, the pattern suggests that mindfulness meditation, particularly with an emphasis on the Awareness, Non-judgment and Non-reactivity aspects, may help to reduce suspiciousness and excessive social anxiety.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schizotypy and mindfulness: Magical thinking without suspiciousness characterizes mindfulness meditators

Antonova

Amaratunga

Wright

et al. 2016

Schizophrenia Research: Cognition

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“…All participants were given an electronic momentary assessment technology device (the PsyMate ® , ) (Myin-Germeys et al 2011). A detailed description of the ESM procedure and measures (Myin-Germeys et al 2001, 2005; Delespaul et al 2002; Corcoran et al 2006; Bentall et al 2008, 2009; Freeman et al 2013) is shown in Table 2 and provided in Reininghaus et al (2016 c ). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological processes underlying the association between childhood trauma and psychosis in daily life: an experience sampling study

et al. 2016

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BackgroundEvidence has accumulated that implicates childhood trauma in the aetiology of psychosis, but our understanding of the putative psychological processes and mechanisms through which childhood trauma impacts on individuals and contributes to the development of psychosis remains limited. We aimed to investigate whether stress sensitivity and threat anticipation underlie the association between childhood abuse and psychosis.MethodWe used the Experience Sampling Method to measure stress, threat anticipation, negative affect, and psychotic experiences in 50 first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients, 44 At-Risk Mental State (ARMS) participants, and 52 controls. Childhood abuse was assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire.ResultsAssociations of minor socio-environmental stress in daily life with negative affect and psychotic experiences were modified by sexual abuse and group (all pFWE < 0.05). While there was strong evidence that these associations were greater in FEP exposed to high levels of sexual abuse, and some evidence of greater associations in ARMS exposed to high levels of sexual abuse, controls exposed to high levels of sexual abuse were more resilient and reported less intense negative emotional reactions to socio-environmental stress. A similar pattern was evident for threat anticipation.ConclusionsElevated sensitivity and lack of resilience to socio-environmental stress and enhanced threat anticipation in daily life may be important psychological processes underlying the association between childhood sexual abuse and psychosis.

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“…Population-based studies have demonstrated that CSA is strongly related to delusions thought processes and hallucinations (Bentall et al 2008). …”

Section: Childhood Adversity and Symptom Dimensionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of childhood adversities on specific symptom dimensions in first-episode psychosis

et al. 2015

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Paranoid Delusions in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders and Depression

Cited by 70 publications

References 56 publications

Schizotypy and mindfulness: Magical thinking without suspiciousness characterizes mindfulness meditators

Schizotypy and mindfulness: Magical thinking without suspiciousness characterizes mindfulness meditators

Psychological processes underlying the association between childhood trauma and psychosis in daily life: an experience sampling study

Impact of childhood adversities on specific symptom dimensions in first-episode psychosis

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