Paraquat exposure induces behavioral deficits in larval zebrafish during the window of dopamine neurogenesis

Nellore, Jayshree; Nandita, P

doi:10.1016/j.toxrep.2015.06.007

Cited by 45 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Moreover, paraquat had only mild effects, if any, on locomotion. Some reports document a near 3-fold difference in total distance [26], while others did not see the same deficit [10]. Contrarily to Bretaud et al we found notable morphological defects in zebrafish treated with paraquat alone.…”

Section: Paraquatsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…However, exposure to paraquat has been shown to yield inconsistent reports in the literature. This is particularly evident in zebrafish studies, where some have outlined a severe neurodegenerative impact of paraquat on dopamine and serotonin protein levels [25,26], while others observed no obvious phenotypes [10]. This variable effect extends to behavioral symptoms following treatment, where some groups observed significant motor impairment [27], while others report no fluctuations in any swimming activity parameter [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Comprehensive Analysis of Neurotoxin-Induced Ablation of Dopaminergic Neurons in Zebrafish Larvae

et al. 2019

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Neurotoxin exposure of zebrafish larvae has been used to mimic a Parkinson's disease (PD) phenotype and to facilitate high-throughput drug screening. However, the vulnerability of zebrafish to various neurotoxins was shown to be variable. Here, we provide a direct comparison of ablative effectiveness in order to identify the optimal neurotoxin-mediated dopaminergic (DAnergic) neuronal death in larval zebrafish. Transgenic zebrafish, Tg(dat:eGFP), were exposed to different concentrations of the neurotoxins MPTP, MPP + , paraquat, 6-OHDA, and rotenone for four days, starting at three days post-fertilization. The LC 50 of each respective neurotoxin concentration was determined. Confocal live imaging on Tg(dat:eGFP) showed that MPTP, MPP + , and rotenone caused comparable DAnergic cell loss in the ventral diencephalon (vDC) region while, paraquat and 6-OHDA caused fewer losses of DAnergic cells. These results were further supported by respective gene expression analyses of dat, th, and p53. Importantly, the loss of DAnergic cells from exposure to MPTP, MPP + , and rotenone impacted larval locomotor function. MPTP induced the largest motor deficit, but this was accompanied by the most severe morphological impairment. We conclude that, of the tested neurotoxins, MPP + recapitulates a substantial degree of DAnergic ablation and slight locomotor perturbations without systemic defects indicative of a Parkinsonian phenotype.

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Section: Paraquatsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Comprehensive Analysis of Neurotoxin-Induced Ablation of Dopaminergic Neurons in Zebrafish Larvae

et al. 2019

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“…In this study, zebrafish embryos with body curvature have been identified in both 3 hpf and 24 hpf groups after treatment with KH. According to Nellore and Nandita (2015), curved spine (body curvature) is a type of neurodegenerative phenotype that is associated with central nervous system (CNS) development. Floor plate is a specialized stripe of large cuboidal structure in the ventral neural tube of CNS (Brand et al, 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Kelulut honey from Trigona sp. on zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryo that mimics human embryonic development

Adenan¹,

Yazan²,

Christianus³

et al. 2018

J. Cell Anim. Biol.

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Kelulut honey (KH) is a type of honey with various pharmacological properties that can be found in Malaysia. Nevertheless, the safety aspects of this honey have not been adequately addressed. This study evaluated the developmental toxicity of KH from Trigona sp on zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. Viable zebrafish embryos at 3 hours post fertilization (hpf) (early stage) and 24 hpf (organ development stage) were treated with KH (1 to 20 mg/mL). The embryos were examined for morphological abnormalities and viability until 96 h of KH treatment. Coagulated embryos were identified after treatment with KH (≥10 mg/mL) for 3 hpf group and KH (≥12 mg/mL) for 24 hpf group. The LC 50 values of KH at 96 h of exposure for the 3 hpf and 24 hpf group were 12.52 and 16.36 mg/mL, respectively. The maximum allowable concentration (MAC) for KH on 3 hpf and 24 hpf group were 0.63 and 0.82 mg/mL, respectively. The irregular cardiac rate of the embryos was noted at 10 mg/mL for 3 hpf group and 13 mg/mL of KH for 24 hpf group. In summary, the early stage embryo (3 hpf group) was more sensitive to KH than the one of later stage (24 hpf group). It indicates that serious precautions should be taken into account in the use of any material including natural product, be it food or supplement, especially in the early stage of life.

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“…Zebrafish larval behaviour was previously shown to be affected after exposure to various toxicants at the early embryonic stages (Nellore, 2015;Fraser et al, 2017). Here, behavioural changes resulting from a short duration early life exposure to UV were assessed 5 days post fertilization, and results showed that exposure to the two highest UVA doses resulted in a significant decrease in larval activity compared to the controls.…”

Section: Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Changes in behaviour may represent either compensatory and reversible adaptive responses in order to mitigate potential overt effects after perception of stress), such as reported in Atlantic cod after sea temperature changes (Alemanni et al, 2003;Freitas et al, 2015). They also may be irreversible effects of a toxicant on a behavioural mechanism or expression after toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic processes have started (Nellore, 2015) and are found to be an indicator of overall welfare (Martins et al, 2012). Some claim that behavioural changes might be pointing to neurodevelopmental toxicity of studied agents (Levin and Cerutti, 2009;Rihel and Schier, 2012).…”

Section: Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 98%

Sub-lethal UV radiation during early life stages alters the behaviour, heart rate and oxidative stress parameters in zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Hurem

Fraser

Gomes

et al. 2018

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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Environmental UV radiation in sufficient doses, as a possible consequence of climate change, is potent enough to affect living organisms with different outcomes, depending on the exposure life stage. The aim of this project was to evaluate the potentially toxic effects of exposure to sub-lethal and environmentally relevant doses of UVA (9.4, 18. 7, 37.7 J/cm 2) and UVB radiation (0.013, 0.025, 0.076 J/cm 2) on the development and behaviour in early life stages (4.5-5.5 hours post fertilization, hpf) of the zebrafish (Danio rerio). The used doses were all below the median lethal dose (LD50) and caused no significant difference in survival, deformities, or hatching between exposed and control groups. Compared to controls, there were transient UVA and UVB exposure effects on heart rate, with dose dependent reductions at 50 hpf, and at 60 hpf for UVA only. The UVB exposure caused an increasing trend in reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation at the two highest doses, even though only significant at 120 hpf for the second highest dose. Both UVA and UVB caused an increasing trend in lipid peroxidation (LPO) at the highest doses tested at 72 hpf. Furthermore, UVA exposure led to significant reductions in larval movement following exposure to the two highest doses of UVA, i.e., reduction in the time spent active and the total distance moved compared to control at 100 hpf, while no effect on the swimming speed was observed. The lowest dose of UVA had no effect on behaviour. In contrast, the highest dose of UVB led to a possible increase in the time spent active and a slower average swimming speed although these effects were not significant (p = 0.07). The obtained results show that UV doses below LD50 levels are able to cause changes in the behaviour and physiological parameters of zebrafish larvae, as well as oxidative stress in the form of ROS formation and LPO. Further testing is necessary to assess how this type of radiation and the effects observed could affect fish population dynamics.

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Paraquat exposure induces behavioral deficits in larval zebrafish during the window of dopamine neurogenesis

Abstract: Graphical abstract

Cited by 45 publications

References 24 publications

Comprehensive Analysis of Neurotoxin-Induced Ablation of Dopaminergic Neurons in Zebrafish Larvae

Comprehensive Analysis of Neurotoxin-Induced Ablation of Dopaminergic Neurons in Zebrafish Larvae

Effects of Kelulut honey from Trigona sp. on zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryo that mimics human embryonic development

Sub-lethal UV radiation during early life stages alters the behaviour, heart rate and oxidative stress parameters in zebrafish (Danio rerio)

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