Parasite species co-occurrence patterns on Peromyscus: Joint species distribution modelling

Veitch, Jasmine S.M.; Bowman, Jeff; Schulte‐Hostedde, Albrecht I.

doi:10.1016/j.ijppaw.2020.04.011

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Co-occurrence is a phenomenon widely present in parasites and, in some instances, the interaction of several parasites in a single host may facilitate the attack as recorded for co-occurring infections ( Dallas, Laine & Ovaskainen, 2019 ; Veitch, Bowman & Schulte-Hostedde, 2020 ). However, co-occurrence in parasitoids is rare ( Hawkins, Cornell & Hochberg, 1997 ), especially in the case of parasitoids sharing similar niches or the same host, such as eucharitids.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is the first instance of parasitism of C. rectangularis by two species from two different genera of eucharitid wasps which, furthermore, can attack the same host colony, evidencing a new case of co-occurrence in ant primary parasitoids. Co-occurrence is a phenomenon widely present in parasites and, in some instances, the interaction of several parasites in a single host may facilitate the attack as recorded for co-occurring infections (Dallas, Laine & Ovaskainen, 2019;Veitch, Bowman & Schulte-Hostedde, 2020). However, co-occurrence in parasitoids is rare (Hawkins, Cornell & Hochberg, 1997), especially in the case of parasitoids sharing similar niches or the same host, such as eucharitids.…”

Section: Co-occurrence In Specialized Ant Parasitoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Co-occurrence ( i.e., the spatial overlap of the different species) may happen by chance but multiple parasitoids, including multiple obligate specialist species with similar natural history traits and specific resource requirements, may coexist on a single host ( Porter & Hawkins, 2003 ; Pérez-Lachaud, López-Méndez & Lachaud, 2006 ; Pérez-Lachaud & Lachaud, 2017 ). Such non-random patterns of species co-occurrence are frequently observed in parasitic or microbial communities ( Barberán et al, 2012 ; Fuhrman, Cram & Needham, 2015 ; Aivelo, Norberg & Tschirren, 2019 ; Veitch, Bowman & Schulte-Hostedde, 2020 ), including parasitoid species assemblages ( Pérez-Lachaud, López-Méndez & Lachaud, 2006 ; Zhang et al, 2021 ). In addition to factors that influence the spatial distribution of parasitoids at the landscape and local level ( Kruess, 2003 ; see Cronin & Reeve, 2005 for a review), the stable co-existence of multiple parasitoid species attacking the same host species is generally explained (but see Berry & Widder, 2014 ; Freilich et al, 2018 ; Blanchet, Cazelles & Gravel, 2020 ) by spatial or temporal niche differentiation ( Zhang et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Co-occurrence in ant primary parasitoids: a Camponotus rectangularis colony as host of two eucharitid wasp genera

Pérez‐Lachaud

Lachaud

2021

PeerJ

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Different assemblages of parasitoids may attack a given host species and non-random distribution patterns in parasitoid species assemblages have been reported on various occasions, resulting in co-occurrence at the population, colony, or even individual host levels. This is the case for different closely related species of eucharitid wasps (a family of specialized ant parasitoids) sharing similar niches and co-occurring on the same host at different levels. Here we reviewed all known associations between eucharitid wasps and the ant host genus Camponotus Mayr, 1861 and reported new ant-parasitoid associations. In addition, we report a new case of co-occurrence in eucharitid wasps, at the host colony level, involving a new undescribed species of Pseudochalcura Ashmead, 1904 and an unidentified species of Obeza Heraty, 1985, which attack the common but very poorly known neotropical arboreal ant Camponotus rectangularis Emery, 1890. Most attacks were solitary, but various cocoons were parasitized by two (16%) or three (8%) parasitoids. Globally, parasitism prevalence was very low (3.7%) but showed an important variability among samples. Low parasitism prevalence along with host exposure to parasitoid attack on host plants and overlapping reproductive periods of both parasitoid species may have allowed the evolution of co-occurrence. We also provided some additional data regarding the host ant nesting habits, the colony composition and new symbiotic associations with membracids and pseudococcids. The seemingly polydomous nesting habits of C. rectangularis could play a part in the reduction of parasitism pressure at the population level and, combined with occasionally important local parasitism rates, could also contribute to some parts of the colonies escaping from parasites, polydomy possibly representing an effective parasitism avoidance trait.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Co-occurrence In Specialized Ant Parasitoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Co-occurrence in ant primary parasitoids: a Camponotus rectangularis colony as host of two eucharitid wasp genera

Pérez‐Lachaud

Lachaud

2021

PeerJ

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“…2020, Veitch et al. 2020). However, the HMSC framework is currently limited to analyzing parasite presence–absence data as it is ill‐equipped to handle highly positively skewed response variables such as parasite abundance (Tikhonov et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research from this combined perspective is still rare and generally does not quantify the relative contribution of each of host traits and coinfecting species to explaining variation in focal parasitism (but see Veitch et al. 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weighing the predictors: host traits and coinfecting species both explain variation in parasitism of Rock Ptarmigan

et al. 2021

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Testing hypotheses in ecological and evolutionary parasitology can require testing whether host traits or coinfecting parasites explain variation in parasitism by focal species. However, when host traits and coinfecting parasites are considered separately, relations between either and parasitism by focal species can be spurious—a problem that is addressed when both are considered together. We assessed whether abundances of focal parasites related to host age/sex and coinfecting parasites for three endoparasites and nine ectoparasites of Icelandic Rock Ptarmigan (Lagopus muta) collected over 12 yr (2006–2017), and quantified the variation in focal parasitism explained by these predictors. Host traits and coinfecting parasites explained significant variation in abundance of all nine focal parasite species for which models converged, when those models were based on groups of parasites sharing tissue tropism and/or transmission pathways and included year as a random effect. We found a single spurious relation: a host age–sex interaction effect that was removed once concurrent parasitism was considered. When considering focal parasites within groups of coinfecting parasites, we found cases of positive, negative, and lacks of correlations. The amount of variation in focal parasite abundance explained by host traits versus coinfecting parasites depended on the focal parasite and its group. Overall variation explained was both related to the prevalence of the focal parasite, possibly due to underlying parasite aggregation, and similar to variation explained in other models in ecology and evolution. We conclude that host traits and coinfecting parasites often combine to determine infection by focal species. Future studies should also explore the mechanisms underlying parasite–parasite relations and their potential impacts on host demography for this and other study associations, and assess relative effects of host traits and coinfecting parasites on focal parasitism.

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Flea Burden on Rodents and Its Associated Determinants in Plague‐Endemic Localities of Karatu District, Tanzania: A Cross‐Sectional Study

Jakoniko,

Massawe,

Mwega

et al. 2024

Public Health Challenges

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BackgroundFleas infest rodents and other small mammals, serving as vectors for zoonotic diseases such as plague. This study investigates the flea burden on rodents and its associated determinants within the plague‐endemic localities of Karatu district, Tanzania.MethodsA repeated cross‐sectional design was employed to capture rodents with Sherman traps in farmland, peridomestic area, bush land, and forest buffer zones across the wet and dry seasons of 2022 in plague and nonplague foci villages. Captured rodents were anaesthetized and thoroughly brushed to collect fleas, which were then identified using a dichotomous key.ResultsA total of 291 rodents (9 species) were captured, from which 190 fleas (4 species) were collected. The collected fleas were Dinopsyllus lypusus (46.32%), Ctenophthalmus sp (26.84%), Xenopsylla brasiliensis (16.32%), and Xenopsylla cheopis (10.53%). Approximately 38.42% of fleas were found on Mastomys natalensis, 22.63% on Lemniscomys striatus, and 18.42% on Rattus rattus. High flea abundance was recorded in farmland and peridomestic areas. The specific flea index (SFI) of X. cheopis on R. rattus was 1.0 in plague foci and <0.5 in nonplague foci. A generalized linear model revealed significant influences of rodent species, season, habitats, rodent weight, sex, and plague locations on flea abundance. Significant variation was observed between rodent sexes (p = 0.009), and a weak positive correlation existed between rodent weight and flea abundance (R = 0.17, p < 0.05).ConclusionVillages in plague foci exhibited higher abundances of fleas in comparison to nonplague foci villages. The SFI results for X. cheopis on rats in both types of villages did not surpass critical thresholds. Factors such as dry season, farmlands, and rodent characteristics influenced flea abundance on rodents in the study area.

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Parasite species co-occurrence patterns on Peromyscus: Joint species distribution modelling

Cited by 14 publications

References 62 publications

Co-occurrence in ant primary parasitoids: a Camponotus rectangularis colony as host of two eucharitid wasp genera

Co-occurrence in ant primary parasitoids: a Camponotus rectangularis colony as host of two eucharitid wasp genera

Weighing the predictors: host traits and coinfecting species both explain variation in parasitism of Rock Ptarmigan

Flea Burden on Rodents and Its Associated Determinants in Plague‐Endemic Localities of Karatu District, Tanzania: A Cross‐Sectional Study

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