Parasites of Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee from Manipur

Thokchom, Sushmita; Gupta, Ankita; Akoijam, Romila; Devee, Anjumoni

doi:10.55446/ije.2022.524

Cited by 2 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…T. flavororbitalis has been recorded as an important parasitoid in different countries, such as USA ( Swezey, 1926 ), Bangladesh ( Alam & Sana, 1962 ), Nepal ( Kafle, 1970 ) and Sri Lanka ( Sandanayake & Edirisinghe, 1992 ). It has been observed in different regions of India, Haryana ( Naresh, Malik & Balan, 1986 ); Bihar ( Mallik et al, 1989 ) ; Karnataka ( Ranjith et al, 2020 ); Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh ( Alam et al, 2003 ); and Manipur ( Thokchom et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Trathala flavoorbitalis , a widely recognized parasitoid of L. orbonalis , has been observed in different regions of India, especially Bihar, Tamil Nadu, Manipur and Karnataka ( Mallik et al, 1989 ; Yasodha & Natarajan, 2009 ; Murali et al, 2017 ; Ranjith et al, 2020 ; Thokchom et al, 2022 ). This parasitoid species has a cosmopolitan distribution, and is known from the Afrotropical, Autralasian, Eastern Palaearctic, Indomalayan, Nearctic, and Oceanic regions ( Rousse & Villemant, 2012 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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First record of Apanteles hemara (N.) on Leucinodes orbonalis Guenée and biodiversity of Hymenoptera parasitoids on Brinjal

Saleh,

Al-Khalaf,

Alwaili

et al. 2024

PeerJ

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The brinjal fruit and shoot borer (BFSB), Leucinodes orbonalis Guenée (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), is a very detrimental pest that causes significant economic losses to brinjal crop worldwide. Infested brinjal fruits were collected from vegetable fields located at the ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (ICAR-IARI), New Delhi, India, during two consecutive seasons (2021–2022). The larvae of the pest were brought to the laboratory and reared under controlled conditions of 25 ± 0.5 °C and 70 ± 5% relative humidity, for the emergence of parasitoids. In addition, the survey of Hymenoptera parasitoids in brinjal was conducted utilizing a sweep net and yellow pan trap over the course of two seasons. The results reveal that five parasitoid species were emerged from L. orbonalis viz., Apanteles hemara Nixon, 1965, Bracon greeni Ashmead 1896 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), Goryphus nursei (Cameron, 1907), Trathala flavoorbitalis (Cameron, 1907) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) and Spalangia gemina Boucek 1963 (Hymenoptera: Spalangiidae). Out of these, A. hemara and S. gemina were documented as new occurrences in Delhi. Additionally, A. hemara was recorded for the first time as a parasite on L. orbonalis. Trathala flavoorbitalis was observed during both seasons and exhibited higher parasitism reaching 15.55% and 18.46% in July and August 2022, respectively. However, the average parasitism (%) recorded by A. hemara, B. greeni, G. nursei, T. flavoorbitalis and S. gemina was 3.10%, 1.76%, 1.10%, 9.28% and 1.20% respectively. Furthermore, the findings showed a significant (p ≤ 0.01) strongly positive correlation between fruit infestation (%) by L. orbonalis and parasitism (%). The survey indicates the presence of a broad group (19 families and 60 species) of Hymenoptera parasitoids in the brinjal crop ecosystem in Delhi which could be valuable in biological control. In light of these results, this study revealed that A. hemara and other parasitoids identified in this study alongside T. flavoorbitalis would be ideal biocontrol agents within the integrated pest management (IPM) program of BFSB in Delhi.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First record of Apanteles hemara (N.) on Leucinodes orbonalis Guenée and biodiversity of Hymenoptera parasitoids on Brinjal

Saleh,

Al-Khalaf,

Alwaili

et al. 2024

PeerJ

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“…Contrary to the observation of Ardez et al (2008), Das and Patnaik (1971) found the species boring into tomato fruits and shoots in the wild, and, like Boopal et al (2013), successfully reared larvae to adults on tomato fruits in the lab. Lab-reared L. orbonalis also successfully completed their life cycle in the study of Jethva and Vyas (2009), but it is not clear from the study on which part of the tomato plant (stem/fruits) the larvae were feeding. Due to the paucity of literature reporting L. orbonalis infestations on tomato in Asia as well as the absence of interceptions of L. orbonalis from tomato fruit imported from Asia, tomato is not considered as a pathway for entry (Table B.…”

Section: Biology Of Leucinodes Orbonalismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Das & Patnaik (1971) successfully reared L. orbonalis on the fruits of S. lycopersicum (tomato), with a somewhat lower fecundity of the resulting females as compared to S. melongena; they furthermore state that in Bhubaneswar (India), the larvae were observed to also bore into the shoots of tomato plants. Jethva and Vyas (2009) conducted laboratory rearings on tomato, but they did not specify the plant tissue they provided the larvae for feeding. Maureal et al (1982) observed a longer developmental period, higher mortalities especially in later larval instars, and a shorter adult lifespan in specimens reared on tomato fruits as compared to specimens reared on eggplant.…”

Section: As Tablementioning

confidence: 99%

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Pest risk assessment of Leucinodes orbonalis for the European Union

Bragard,

Baptista,

Chatzivassiliou

et al. 2024

EFS2

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Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a quantitative risk assessment of Leucinodes orbonalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), the eggplant fruit and shoot borer, for the EU. The assessment focused on potential pathways for entry, climatic conditions favouring establishment, spread and impact. Options for risk reduction are discussed but effectiveness was not quantified. L. orbonalis is a key pest of eggplant (aubergine/brinjal) in the Indian subcontinent and occurs throughout most of southern Asia with records mostly from India and Bangladesh. The main pathway of entry is fruit of solanaceous plants, primarily exotic varieties of eggplant, Solanum melongena and turkey berry, S. torvum. The trade in both commodities from Asia is small but nevertheless dwarfs the trade in other Solanum fruits from Asia (S. aethiopicum, S. anguivi, S. virginianum, S. aculeatissimum, S. undatum). Other Solanum fruits were therefore not further assessed as potential pathways. The trade in eggplant from Asia consists of special fruit types and caters mostly to niche markets in the EU, while most eggplant consumed in Europe is produced in southern European and northern African countries, where L. orbonalis does not occur. Using expert knowledge elicitation (EKE) and pathway modelling, the Panel estimated that approximately 3-670 infested fruit (90% certainty range, CR) of S. melongena or fruit bunches of S. torvum enter into regions of the EU that are suitable for L. orbonalis establishment each year. Based on CLIMEX modelling, and using two possible thresholds of ecoclimatic index (EI) to indicate uncertainty in establishment potential, climates favouring establishment occur mostly in southern Europe, where, based on human population, approximately 14% of the imported produce is distributed across NUTS2 regions where EI ≥ 30; or 23% of the produce is distributed where EI ≥ 15. Escape of adult moths occurs mostly from consumer waste. By analysing results of different scenarios for the proportion of S. melongena and S. torvum in the trade, and considering uncertainties in the climatic suitability of southern Europe, adult moth emergence in areas suitable for establishment is expected to vary between 84 individuals per year and one individual per 40 years (based on 90% CR in different scenarios). In the baseline scenario, 25% of the solanaceous fruit from Asia

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Parasites of Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee from Manipur

Cited by 2 publications

References 3 publications

First record of Apanteles hemara (N.) on Leucinodes orbonalis Guenée and biodiversity of Hymenoptera parasitoids on Brinjal

First record of Apanteles hemara (N.) on Leucinodes orbonalis Guenée and biodiversity of Hymenoptera parasitoids on Brinjal

Pest risk assessment of Leucinodes orbonalis for the European Union

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