Parasitic Agents in Fresh Fruits and Vegetables Sold in  Open Markets in Bauchi, Nigeria

Istifanus, W. A.; Panda, Sam Mao

doi:10.29252/jfqhc.5.3.84

Cited by 19 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Ascaris lumbricoides (33.33%) was the most frequently detected parasite in this study. This is similar to Istifanus & Panda (2018) report of Ascaris lumbricoides being the most prevalent parasitic contamination in both vegetables and fruits in his study. Hassan et al, (2013) reported the least infestation in his study for lime fruit.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The findings of this study corroborate with those of Asghar et al, (2013), Dada andOlusola-Makinde (2015) and Wedajo and Kadire (2019) who also discovered the presence of both parasites and microbes in fruits and vegetables. Istifanus & Panda (2018) in their study in Bauchi State noted the contamination of vegetables and fresh fruits with various parasitic cysts and ova. Amawulu et al, (2019) confirmed the infestation of fruits (20%) sold in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State Capital, with parasites.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Parasitic and Microbial Infestations of Fruits Sold at Otuoke, Ogbia Local Government Area, Bayelsa State, Nigeria

Ezenwaka¹,

Amuzie²

2021

African Journal of Biology and Medical Research

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Fruits and vegetables have numerous health importance but can act as vehicles in the transmission of foodborne diseases of public health importance. This research examined the presence of parasites and microbial organisms on fruits sold at Otuoke community, Ogbia Local Government Area, Bayelsa State, Nigeria using six fruits types, including pineapple (Ananas comosus), cucumber (Cucumis sativus), lime (Citrus aurantiifolia), garden egg (Solanum aethiopicum), guava (Psidium guajava) and orange (Citrus sinensis). The parasites were concentrated by sedimentation and were examined using a light microscope. The result of the study showed the presence of cysts of Cryptosporidium parvum, Entamoeba histolytica, eggs of Fasciola hepatica, Ascaris lumbricoides and larva of Strongyloides stercoralis. Five out of the 6 fruits types examined were infested with at least one type of parasites. Ascaris lumbricoides (33.33%) was the most frequently detected parasite and was found on the pineapple, guava and oranges fruits. Fruit types were not significantly associated with parasitic contamination (p > 0.005). Bacteria isolated from the fruits included Lactobacillus sp., Proteus mirabilis, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas sp., Bacillus cereus, Salmonella typhi, Shigella sp., Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. E. coli was isolated in all the sampled fruits types. The total count was determined by pour plate method using MacConkey agar. Total viable bacteria count (TBC) ranged from 21.9 x 105cfu/ml to 7.27 x 105cfu/ml. Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, Mucor spp.. and Fusarium spp were the isolated fungi species. A high number of these microorganisms in fruits and vegetables can lead to public health emergencies. Risk reduction can be achieved through personal and food hygiene by the fruit sellers and consumers. Further studies should be conducted to address the effect of seasonal variation on the infestation of the fruits sold in this area.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Parasitic and Microbial Infestations of Fruits Sold at Otuoke, Ogbia Local Government Area, Bayelsa State, Nigeria

Ezenwaka¹,

Amuzie²

2021

African Journal of Biology and Medical Research

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“…El Said Said (2012); Duedu et al . (2014) and Istifanus and Panda (2018) reported that leafy greens such as lettuce, cabbage and rocket were more susceptible to contamination compared to other vegetables with smooth surfaces, due to their curly leaves that may increase the attachment of parasites such as Cryptosporidium and Giardia . In addition, Amahmid et al .…”

Section: Literature Selection Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The structure of vegetables was largely involved in the level of parasitic contamination. El Said Said (2012); Duedu et al (2014) and Istifanus and Panda (2018) reported that leafy greens such as lettuce, cabbage and rocket were more susceptible to contamination compared to other vegetables with smooth surfaces, due to their curly leaves that may increase the attachment of parasites such as Cryptosporidium and Giardia. In addition, Amahmid et al (1999) found that leafy greens such as coriander and mint were relatively more contaminated with Giardia compared to carrots and radish, which could be related to their dense foliage offering a large contamination surface.…”

Section: Vegetable Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection methods and prevalence of transmission stages of Toxoplasma gondii, Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. in fresh vegetables: a review

Berrouch

Escotte-Binet

Harrak³

et al. 2020

Parasitology

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One of the ways of human parasitic infection is the accidental ingestion of vegetables contaminated with parasites, which represents a major human health hazard. This non-exhaustive review aims to evaluate studies carried out on five types of vegetables (lettuce, parsley, coriander, carrot and radish) since 2000, particularly the methods used for recovery, concentration, detection and identification of protozoan parasites such as Toxoplasma gondii, Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp., and the results of each work. Various studies have determined the presence of pathogenic parasites in fresh vegetables with different rates; this variation in rate depends particularly on the detection method used which is related to each parasite and each vegetable type. The variation in parasitic prevalence in food could be due to different factors such as the geographical location, the size of analysed samples and the methods used for parasite detection.

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“…Parasites were detected in 58 out of 252 (23.02%) freshly harvested vegetable samples collected from selected organic and conventional farms in Northern and Southern Luzon Provinces in the Philippines (Ordoñez et al, 2018). According to Istifanus and Panda (2018), 26 (14.3 %) out of 182 of four different types of fruits samples, and 82 (13.8 %) out of 594 of six different types of vegetable samples sold in open markets in Bauchi were contaminated with various parasitic ova and cysts. Amawulu et al (2019) reported that out of the 40 fruits examined in Yenagoa, Nigeria, 8 (20%) were infested with parasites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2019

IRJPEH

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Fruits, vegetables, and nuts are major sources of vitamins and minerals which help in promoting good health but could also constitute risk to human health when consumed unclean. This study aimed at determining the prevalence of parasitic contamination of some fruits, vegetables, and nuts collected from three local markets in Jos town, Plateau State, Nigeria. A total of 270 samples of different types of fruits, vegetables, and nuts were washed separately in saline water and sedimentation method was used to concentrate the parasites which were examined using light microscope. Out of the 270 samples examined, 113 (41.85%) were contaminated with at least one type of parasite. Trichostrongylus (37.14%) and Entamoeba histolytica (36.89%) were the most frequently detected parasites while Ascaris lumbricoides, Blastocystic hominis, Giardia lamblia, and Dipylidium caninum (0.24%) were the least detected. It was also observed that decreased parasitic contamination was significantly (p<0.05) associated with washing the products before being displayed for sale. The findings of this study suggest that there is a potentially high risk of acquiring parasitic infections from the consumption of raw fruits, vegetable, and nuts sold in Jos, Plateau State. Efforts should be made by the relevant bodies to reduce the rate of parasitic contamination of these commodities by educating the vendors and the consumers at large.

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Parasitic Agents in Fresh Fruits and Vegetables Sold in Open Markets in Bauchi, Nigeria

Cited by 19 publications

References 16 publications

Parasitic and Microbial Infestations of Fruits Sold at Otuoke, Ogbia Local Government Area, Bayelsa State, Nigeria

Parasitic and Microbial Infestations of Fruits Sold at Otuoke, Ogbia Local Government Area, Bayelsa State, Nigeria

Detection methods and prevalence of transmission stages of Toxoplasma gondii, Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. in fresh vegetables: a review

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