Parasitic angiosperms, semagenesis and general strategies for plant–plant signaling in the rhizosphere

Palmer, Andrew G.; Chen, Michael C.; Kinger, Nikhar; Lynn, David G.

doi:10.1002/ps.1717

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…26,39,40 We therefore utilized this straightforward assay to evalute the effects of compounds 1 – 17 on A. thaliana seedlings. The seedlings were examined following 12 days of exposure on media supplemented with a single, initial dose of compound at concentrations ranging from 10 –12 to 10 –4 M (see Methods).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Responses to Bacterial N-Acyl l-Homoserine Lactones are Dependent on Enzymatic Degradation to l-Homoserine

et al. 2014

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Many bacteria use quorum sensing (QS) to regulate phenotypes that ultimately benefit the bacterial population at high cell densities. These QS-dependent phenotypes are diverse and can have significant impacts on the bacterial host, including virulence factor production, motility, biofilm formation, bioluminescence, and root nodulation. As bacteria and their eukaryotic hosts have coevolved over millions of years, it is not surprising that certain hosts appear to be able to sense QS signals, potentially allowing them to alter QS outcomes. Recent experiments have established that eukaryotes have marked responses to the N-acyl l-homoserine lactone (AHL) signals used by Gram-negative bacteria for QS, and the responses of plants to AHLs have received considerable scrutiny to date. However, the molecular mechanisms by which plants, and eukaryotes in general, sense bacterial AHLs remain unclear. Herein, we report a systematic analysis of the responses of the model plants Arabidopsis thaliana and Medicago truncatula to a series of native AHLs and byproducts thereof. Our results establish that AHLs can significantly alter seedling growth in an acyl-chain length dependent manner. Based upon A. thaliana knockout studies and in vitro biochemical assays, we conclude that the observed growth effects are dependent upon AHL amidolysis by a plant-derived fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) to yield l-homoserine. The accumulation of l-homoserine appears to encourage plant growth at low concentrations by stimulating transpiration, while higher concentrations inhibit growth by stimulating ethylene production. These results offer new insights into the mechanisms by which plant hosts can respond to QS signals and the potential role of QS in interkingdom associations.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Responses to Bacterial N-Acyl l-Homoserine Lactones are Dependent on Enzymatic Degradation to l-Homoserine

et al. 2014

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“…Increasing evidence implicates the semagenic quinones as not only regulating haustorial development in the parasitic plants [15], but more broadly in root meristem growth and development. The addition of semagenic quinones impacts development of both root architecture and notably root hair density in A. thaliana and N. tabaccum as well as the production of ROS [15] [48].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and Adaptation in Parasitic Angiosperm Host Selection

Liu¹,

Liu²,

Jariwala³

et al. 2016

AJPS

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Developmental transitions in some parasitic angiosperms are tied directly to host-derived chemical cues (xenognosins). The obligate hemi-parasite Striga asiatica, initiates the root apical meristem population (germination), development of the host attachment organ (the haustorium), and shoot apical meristem initiation (seed coat shedding) in response to specific xengonosins. These checkpoints synchronize spatial and temporal tissue development. We have now exploited the external control over these developmental transitions to trace functional expression in haustorial organogenesis. Genes associated with phytohormone regulation, metabolism, vascular tissue development, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production identified in this study suggest an elaborate and global response closely tied to plant defense and redox chemistry that may also be components of a more general quorum sensing-type mechanism in plants.

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“…On the basis of a good correlation between strigolactone exudation and field susceptibility for Striga attack, it was concluded that SXSg plays only a minor role, if any, in controlling germination of Striga seeds 58. Quinones, especially 2,6‐dimethoxyquinone (DMBQ), play an important role in the root elongation of germinated seeds and the haustorium formation 55, 56, 59…”

Section: Non‐strigolactones As Natural Germination Stimulantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and function of natural and synthetic signalling molecules in parasitic weed germination

Zwanenburg

Mwakaboko

Reizelman

et al. 2009

Pest Management Science

220

192

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The structures of naturally occurring germination stimulants for seeds of the parasitic weeds Striga spp. and Orobanche spp. are described. The bioactiphore in this strigolactone family of stimulants is deduced from a structure-activity relationship and shown to reside in the CD part of the stimulant molecule. A molecular mechanism for the initial stages of seed germination is proposed. The influence of stereochemistry on the stimulant activity is significant. Combining this molecular information leads to a model for the design of synthetic strigolactones. Nijmegen-1 is a typical example of a highly active, newly designed synthetic stimulant. The occurrence of natural stimulants not belonging to the strigolactone family, such as cotylenin and parthenolide, is briefly described. The biosynthesis of natural strigolactones from beta-carotene is analysed in terms of isolated and predicted stimulants. This scheme will be helpful in the search for new strigolactones from root exudates. Protein fishing experiments to isolate and characterise the receptor protein using biotin-labelled GR 24 are described. A receptor protein of 60 kD was identified by this method. Nijmegen-1 has been tested as a suicidal germination agent in field trials on tobacco infested by Orobanche ramosa L. The preliminary results are highly rewarding. Finally, some future challenges in synthesis are described. These include synthesising new natural and synthetic stimulants and establishing the molecular connection between strigolactones as germination stimulants, as the branching factor for arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and as an inhibitor of shoot branching.

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Parasitic angiosperms, semagenesis and general strategies for plant–plant signaling in the rhizosphere

Cited by 11 publications

References 49 publications

Plant Responses to Bacterial N-Acyl l-Homoserine Lactones are Dependent on Enzymatic Degradation to l-Homoserine

Plant Responses to Bacterial N-Acyl l-Homoserine Lactones are Dependent on Enzymatic Degradation to l-Homoserine

Detection and Adaptation in Parasitic Angiosperm Host Selection

Structure and function of natural and synthetic signalling molecules in parasitic weed germination

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