Parasitic infections in irritable bowel syndrome patients: evidence to propose a possible link, based on a case–control study in the south of Iran

Shafiei, Zohreh; Esfandiari, Farideh; Sarkari, Bahador; Rezaei, Zahra; Fatahi, R.; Asl, Seyed Mohammad Kazem Hosseini

doi:10.1186/s13104-020-05118-x

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Blastocystis hominis was the most common detected parasite followed by Entamoeba coli, Giardia lamblia, Cryptosporidium, Iodamoeba butchlii, and Endolimax nana. Blastocystis is considered a common protozoan infection in humans in Iran [11][12][13][14][15][16]. Results of a recent systematic review and meta-analysis revealed that Entamoeba coli, Blastocystis spp., and Giardia lamblia are the most prevalent protozoan parasite among intellectually disabled individuals in Iran [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Blastocystis hominis was the most 3 Journal of Parasitology Research prevalent protozoan infection in our study. Although there is no consensus among experts as to whether this parasite is pathogenic or not, there are reports of a significant association between Blastocystis infection and irritable bowel syndrome in humans [13,15,21,22]. Also, the role of Blastocystis in causing inflammatory bowel disease and variations in the intestinal microbial flora is proposed [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intestinal Parasitic Infections among Intellectually Disabled Individuals in Bandar Abbas County, Southern Iran

Pakmehr

Omidian

Turki

et al. 2022

Journal of Parasitology Research

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Intellectually disabled individuals are more prone to parasitic infections due to their unusual behaviors, immune and nutrient deficiencies, and living conditions. The current study is aimed at evaluating the prevalence of intestinal parasites in institutionalized intellectually disabled individuals in Bandar Abbas County in the south of Iran. Subjects of the study were 119 individuals, living in an intellectually disabled individual care center. Demographic features of the subjects including age, sex, intellectual disability type, and duration of their stay in the center were recorded. A stool sample was taken from each subject and evaluated by direct wet mount and formalin-ethyl-acetate concentration methods. Samples were also examined, using trichrome and modified acid-fast permanent staining. The mean age of the subjects was 27.6 (±2.24), ranging from 4 to 60 years old. Of the 119 participants, 55 (46.2%) were male, and 64 cases (53.8%) were female. Overall, 31 individuals (26.1%, 95% CI: 18.4-34.9) were found to be infected with at least one type of intestinal parasite. Blastocystis hominis, as the most common detected parasite, was detected in 13 (10.1%), Entamoeba coli in 12 (10.1%), Giardia lamblia in 5 (4.2%), Cryptosporidium in 2 (1.7%), Iodamoeba butchlii in 2 (1.7%), and Endolimax nana in 1 (0.8%) of participants. Three cases had coinfection with Blastocystis hominis and Entamoeba coli, one case was infected with Blastocystis hominis and Giardia lamblia, and one case was coinfected with Giardia lamblia and Entamoeba coli. There were no statistically significant associations between intestinal parasitic infection and gender, age, type of intellectual disability, or duration of stay in the care center ( P > 0.05 ). The findings of the present study indicate a relatively high prevalence of parasitic infections in people with intellectual disabilities in Bandar Abbas, southern Iran. Noteworthy is the high prevalence of Blastocyst and also the presence of Cryptosporidium infection in these people. Periodic treatment of these people and improvement of their maintenance conditions can be considered for the prevention and control of intestinal parasitic infection in these people.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal Parasitic Infections among Intellectually Disabled Individuals in Bandar Abbas County, Southern Iran

Pakmehr

Omidian

Turki

et al. 2022

Journal of Parasitology Research

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“…One recent example is the one described by Shafiei et al, where 100 patients with IBS and 100 asymptomatic subjects were studied, with higher percentage of Blastocystis sp. carriage among IBS patients than in asymptomatic controls (15% vs. 6%, respectively) [ 28 ]. In contrast, Krogsgaard et al described a higher proportion of Blastocystis sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blastocystis sp. Carriage and Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Is the Association Already Established?

Salvador

Lobo

Goterris

et al. 2021

Biology

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Background: The aim of the present study is to describe the occurrence of Blastocystis sp. detection among asymptomatic subjects and patients with irritable bowel syndrome in order to evaluate the potential association between irritable bowel syndrome and the parasitic infection. Methods: Cross-sectional study where adult patients with irritable bowel syndrome diagnosed according to Rome IV criteria were included. A control group was formed by asymptomatic subjects older than 18 years. Exclusion criteria were: immunosuppressive condition or having received any drug with demonstrated activity against Blastocystis sp. within the last 6 months before study inclusion. Epidemiological and clinical information was collected from all included participants. Two stool samples were obtained from all participants: one sample for microscopic examination and one sample for Blastocystis sp. PCR detection. Blastocystis sp. infection was defined by the positivity of any of the diagnostic techniques. Results: Seventy-two participants were included (36 asymptomatic subjects and 36 patients with irritable bowel syndrome). Thirty-five (48.6%) were men, and median age of participants was 34 (IQR 29–49) years. The overall rate of Blastocystis sp. carriage was 27.8% (20/72). The prevalence assessed through microscopic examination was 22.2% (16/72), while the prevalence measured by PCR was 15.3% (11/72). When comparing the presence of Blastocystis sp. between asymptomatic subjects and IBS patients, we did not find any statistically significant difference (36.1% vs. 19.4% respectively, p = 0.114). Conclusions: regarding the occurrence of Blastocystis sp., no differences were found between asymptomatic participants and patients with irritable bowel disease irrespective of the diagnostic technique performed.

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“…Historically, Blastocystis was predominantly characterized as a parasitic protozoa [ 53 ], but conflicting results regarding its pathogenic potential and clinical significance have emerged in several studies [ 40 ]. Blastocystis has been associated with the etiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) [ 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 ] and IBD [ 58 ]. In contrast, other cohort studies have found no correlation between gastrointestinal symptoms and the presence of Blastocystis, either in healthy subjects or IBS patients [ 59 , 60 ].…”

Section: Intestinal Protozoa—pathogenic Commensal or Beneficial?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Commensal Intestinal Protozoa—Underestimated Members of the Gut Microbial Community

Dubik

Pilecki

Møeller

2022

Biology

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The human gastrointestinal microbiota contains a diverse consortium of microbes, including bacteria, protozoa, viruses, and fungi. Through millennia of co-evolution, the host–microbiota interactions have shaped the immune system to both tolerate and maintain the symbiotic relationship with commensal microbiota, while exerting protective responses against invading pathogens. Microbiome research is dominated by studies describing the impact of prokaryotic bacteria on gut immunity with a limited understanding of their relationship with other integral microbiota constituents. However, converging evidence shows that eukaryotic organisms, such as commensal protozoa, can play an important role in modulating intestinal immune responses as well as influencing the overall health of the host. The presence of several protozoa species has recently been shown to be a common occurrence in healthy populations worldwide, suggesting that many of these are commensals rather than invading pathogens. This review aims to discuss the most recent, conflicting findings regarding the role of intestinal protozoa in gut homeostasis, interactions between intestinal protozoa and the bacterial microbiota, as well as potential immunological consequences of protozoa colonization.

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Parasitic infections in irritable bowel syndrome patients: evidence to propose a possible link, based on a case–control study in the south of Iran

Cited by 16 publications

References 18 publications

Intestinal Parasitic Infections among Intellectually Disabled Individuals in Bandar Abbas County, Southern Iran

Intestinal Parasitic Infections among Intellectually Disabled Individuals in Bandar Abbas County, Southern Iran

Blastocystis sp. Carriage and Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Is the Association Already Established?

Commensal Intestinal Protozoa—Underestimated Members of the Gut Microbial Community

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