Parasitic infections of the lung: a guide for the respiratory physician

Abstract

Parasitic infections of the lung occur worldwide among both immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients and may affect the respiratory system in a variety of ways. This review provides an update on the presenting symptoms, signs, investigation and management of diseases affecting the lung caused by protozoa, nematodes and trematodes. The clinical presentations and radiographic findings of several of these diseases may mimic tuberculosis and malignancy. It is important to consider parasitic infections in the differential diagnosis of such lung diseases. If identified early, most parasitic diseases that affect the lung are curable with medical or surgical treatments.

Severe Anemia and Lung Nodule in an Immunocompetent Adopted Girl with Strongyloides stercoralis Infection

“…10 We prescribed a chest X-ray for a general assessment of the patient, in absence of respiratory complaints. In our experience (and in line with other experts' opinion 12 ), invasive procedures (such as pulmonary biopsy) can be avoided in the first assessment of a lung nodule in a patient with a parasitic infection, in particular, if the index of suspicion for other severe conditions is low. In fact, despite the lack of histological examination, the radiological follow-up showed resolution of the lesion, supporting the parasitic etiology.…”

A Study on the Immune Status of Children with Wheezing and Parasitic Infection

“…In rural area the periodical de worming is not done regularly in childhood (Luong, 2004). Parasite infection is one of the triggering factors of wheezing in children (Kunst et al, 2009). In allergic condition the IgE antibody level will be increased (Manohar et al, 2012).…”

An unusual masquerader residing in the lungs

“…Very few parasites are associated with respiratory tract infections .Although most of these parasites produce cystic or space occupying lesions; few do not have a specific clinical presentation, thereby producing diffuse infiltrates in the lungs [1]. Among the parasites infecting the lungs, focal lesions are commonly seen in Hydatid disease and Dirofilariasis.…”