Parasitization Potential of Two Cephaline Gregarines, Leidyana subramanii Pushkala and Muralirangan and Retractocephalus dhawanii sp. n. on the Tobacco Grasshopper, Atractomorpha crenulata (Fab.)

Johny, Shajahan; Muralirangan, M. C.; Sanjayan, K. P.

doi:10.2307/3503635

Cited by 20 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Several studies have shown that physical and metabolic interactions established between parasites and their hosts are fundamental to the completion of their life cycle (Schawang & Janovy, 2001; Schreurs & Janovy, 2008). However, the pathogenicity of gregarines is still unknown and studies describing the effects of infection on reproduction, development, growth, longevity, and mortality of infected insects are limited (Harry, 1967; Dunkel & Boush, 1969; Schwalbe & Baker, 1976; Brooks & Jackson, 1990; Ball et al ., 1995; Johny et al ., 2000; Er & Gokce, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The life cycle ofGregarina cuneatain the midgut ofTribolium castaneumand the effects of parasitism on the development of insects

Gigliolli

Julio

Conte

2016

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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Tribolium castaneum Herbst 1797 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), an important pest of stored grains and byproducts, is naturally infected by Gregarina cuneata Stein 1848 (Apicomplexa: Gregarinidae). Changes in the life cycle of insects caused by the parasite development in the midgut were studied. Trophozoites, gamonts (solitary and associated), and gametocysts were present in the midgut of the insects. In young trophozoites, the apical region differentiated into an epimerite that firmly attached the parasite to the host epithelial cells. With maturation, trophozoites developed in gamonts that were associated with the initiation of sexual reproduction in the cell cycle, culminating in the formation of the spherical gametocyst. Morpho-functional analyses indicated that gregarines absorb nutrients from infected cells and can occlude the midgut as they develop. Consequently, nutritional depletion may interfere with the host's physiology, causing decreased growth, delayed development, and high mortality rates of the parasitized insects. These results suggest G. cuneata could be an important biological agent for controlling T. castaneum in integrated pest management programs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The life cycle ofGregarina cuneatain the midgut ofTribolium castaneumand the effects of parasitism on the development of insects

Gigliolli

Julio

Conte

2016

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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“…Over the last decades, a large number of studies showed that the presence of gregarines typically comes with a broad range of costs for the hosts. For instance, gregarine infection reduces body weight and food consumption in the grasshopper Atractomorpha crenula (Johny et al, 2000), increases susceptibility to a fungal pathogen in the cockroach Blattella germanica (Lopes and Alves, 2005) and hampers larval and pupal development in the mosquito Aedes triseriatus (Beier, 1983) and the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum (Gigliolli et al, 2016). In several damselfly species, the presence of gregarines also alters survival, egg production, mating decisions, oviposition strategies and wing ornaments (Córdoba-Aguilar et al, 2003;Córdoba-Aguilar and Munguía-Steyer, 2013;Suhonen et al, 2017), while it reduces the capability of male odonates to defend their territory (Siva-Jothy and Plaistow, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Friend or foe? The apparent benefits of gregarine (Apicomplexa: Sporozoa) infection in the European earwig

Arcila

Meunier

2020

International Journal for Parasitology

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Studying the costs and benefits of host-parasite interactions is of central importance to shed light on the evolutionary drivers of host life history traits. Although gregarines (Apicomplexa: Sporozoa) are one of the most frequent parasites in the gut of invertebrates, the diversity of its potential impacts on a host remains poorly explored. In this study, we addressed this gap in knowledge by investigating the prevalence of natural infections by the gregarine Gregarina ovata and testing how these infections shape a large set of morphological, behavioural and physiological traits in the European earwig Forficula auricularia. Our results first show that G. ovata was present in 76.8% of 573 field-sampled earwigs, and that its prevalence was both higher in males compared with females and increased between July and September. The load of G. ovata in the infected individuals was higher in males than females, but this sex difference vanished during the season. Our experiments then surprisingly revealed apparent benefits of G. ovata infections. Food-deprived hosts survived longer when they exhibited high compared with low gregarine loads. Moreover, the presence of gregarines was associated with a reduced phenoloxidase activity, indicating a lower immune resistance or a higher immune tolerance of the infected hosts. By contrast, we found no effect of G. ovata presence and number on earwigs' development (eye distance, forceps length), activity, food consumption or resistance against a fungal pathogen. Overall, our findings suggest that G. ovata could be involved in a mutualistic relationship with the European earwig. Given the ubiquitous presence of gregarines among invertebrates, our data also suggest that this common member of insect gut flora could have a broad and positive role in the life history of many host species.

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“…For many cases, signiWcant host damage caused by the parasitism in the digestive tract is unknown, except when hosts are reared or held under stress or suboptimal conditions. However, the literature is rife with references of gregarines causing disease in invertebrate hosts, ranging from negative eVects on reproduction and reduction in adult longevity to high mortality rate (Ball et al, 1995;Brooks and Jackson, 1990;Johny et al, 2000;Sneller, 1979). The control of gregarine infections becomes particularly important in laboratory insect rearing systems, for natural enemies production as for basic studies of biology, toxicology, and pest control programs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Effect of Gregarina sp. parasitism on the susceptibility of Blattella germanica to some control agents

Lopes¹,

Alves²

2005

Journal of Invertebrate Pathology

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Parasitization Potential of Two Cephaline Gregarines, Leidyana subramanii Pushkala and Muralirangan and Retractocephalus dhawanii sp. n. on the Tobacco Grasshopper, Atractomorpha crenulata (Fab.)

Cited by 20 publications

References 6 publications

The life cycle ofGregarina cuneatain the midgut ofTribolium castaneumand the effects of parasitism on the development of insects

The life cycle ofGregarina cuneatain the midgut ofTribolium castaneumand the effects of parasitism on the development of insects

Friend or foe? The apparent benefits of gregarine (Apicomplexa: Sporozoa) infection in the European earwig

Effect of Gregarina sp. parasitism on the susceptibility of Blattella germanica to some control agents

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