Parasitogenic alterations of vector behaviour

Schaub, Günter A.

doi:10.1016/j.ijmm.2005.12.004

Cited by 40 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Several studies have shown how the activity of vectors can affect disease transmission. Parasite infections can lead to changes in host behavior and transmission rate (for review see Schaub (2006)). However, there is a lack of studies addressing the effect of temperature and density on the behavior of insect vectors and/or carriers of pathogens and zoonotic agents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature and Population Density Effects on Locomotor Activity of <I>Musca domestica</I> (Diptera: Muscidae)

et al. 2013

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The behavior of ectotherm organisms is affected by both abiotic and biotic factors. However, a limited number of studies have investigated the synergistic effects on behavioral traits. This study examined the effect of temperature and density on locomotor activity of Musca domestica (L.). Locomotor activity was measured for both sexes and at four densities (with mixed sexes) during a full light and dark (L:D) cycle at temperatures ranging from 10 to 40ºC. Locomotor activity during daytime increased with temperature at all densities until reaching 30ºC and then decreased. Highdensity treatments significantly reduced the locomotor activity per fly, except at 15ºC. For both sexes, daytime activity also increased with temperature until reaching 30 and 35ºC for males and females, respectively, and thereafter decreased. Furthermore, males showed a significantly higher and more predictable locomotor activity than females. During nighttime, locomotor activity was considerably lower for all treatments. Altogether the results of the current study show that there is a significant interaction of temperature and density on daytime locomotor activity of M. domestica and that houseflies are likely to show significant changes in locomotor activity with change in temperature. BioOne (www.bioone.org) is a nonprofit, online aggregation of core research in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences. BioOne provides a sustainable online platform for over 170 journals and books published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses.Your use of this PDF, the BioOne Web site, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance of BioOne's Terms of Use, available at www.bioone.org/page/terms_of_use.Usage of BioOne content is strictly limited to personal, educational, and non-commercial use. Commercial inquiries or rights and permissions requests should be directed to the individual publisher as copyright holder. BEHAVIOR Temperature and Population Density Effects on Locomotor Activity ofMusca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae) ABSTRACT The behavior of ectotherm organisms is affected by both abiotic and biotic factors. However, a limited number of studies have investigated the synergistic effects on behavioral traits. This study examined the effect of temperature and density on locomotor activity of Musca domestica (L.). Locomotor activity was measured for both sexes and at four densities (with mixed sexes) during a full light and dark (L:D) cycle at temperatures ranging from 10 to 40ЊC. Locomotor activity during daytime increased with temperature at all densities until reaching 30ЊC and then decreased. Highdensity treatments signiÞcantly reduced the locomotor activity per ßy, except at 15ЊC. For both sexes, daytime activity also increased with temperature until reaching 30 and 35ЊC for males and females, respectively, and thereafter decreased. Furthermore, males showed a signiÞcantly higher and more predictable locomotor activity than females. During nighttime, locomotor activity ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature and Population Density Effects on Locomotor Activity of <I>Musca domestica</I> (Diptera: Muscidae)

et al. 2013

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“…The genetics and evolution of diseases vectors are influenced by relationships with their parasites (Schaub, 2006), hosts (Sacks and Kamhawi, 2001), symbionts (Dillon and Dillon, 2004) and with congeneric vectors (Pereira et al, 2006). These relationships are two-way interactions as vectors also have impacts on the other members of these 'vector-borne disease communities' .…”

Section: Interactions Vector-parasite-hostmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Triatomine-trypanosoma Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By contrast, a common view is that T. cruzi has little impact on its vector's life history (Zeledó n, 1981;Schaub, 1989Schaub, , 2006Vallejo et al, 2009), and thus produces no or little selective pressure on its vector. Such a view is supported by a lack of change in developmental time (Zeledó n, 1981;Schaub, 1988), life span and fertility (Zeledó n, 1981;Schaub, 1989), and feeding behavior (Schaub, 2006;Garcia et al, 2007) when triatomines are infected by T. cruzi in the laboratory. But there is counter-evidence (Schaub, 1989(Schaub, , 1994Botto-Mahan et al, 2006;Botto-Mahan, 2009;Nouvellet et al, 2011) and laboratory experiments often suffer biases, thus weakening their applicability to natural populations (Schaub, 1989).…”

Section: Triatomine-trypanosoma Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetics and evolution of triatomines: from phylogeny to vector control

et al. 2011

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Triatomines are hemipteran bugs acting as vectors of the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. This parasite causes Chagas disease, one of the major parasitic diseases in the Americas. Studies of triatomine genetics and evolution have been particularly useful in the design of rational vector control strategies, and are reviewed here. The phylogeography of several triatomine species is now slowly emerging, and the struggle to reconcile the phenotypic, phylogenetic, ecological and epidemiological species concepts makes for a very dynamic field. Population genetic studies using different markers indicate a wide range of population structures, depending on the triatomine species, ranging from highly fragmented to mobile, interbreeding populations. Triatomines transmit T. cruzi in the context of complex interactions between the insect vectors, their bacterial symbionts and the parasites; however, an integrated view of the significance of these interactions in triatomine biology, evolution and in disease transmission is still lacking. The development of novel genetic markers, together with the ongoing sequencing of the Rhodnius prolixus genome and more integrative studies, will provide key tools to expanding our understanding of these important insect vectors and allow the design of improved vector control strategies.

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“…These alterations of host behaviours enhance host-tohost transmission, ensure that the parasite or its propagules are released in an appropriate habitat or increase parasite survival. In host-parasite associations, alteration of host behaviours by the parasite can include a change in preferred substrate, temperature preferences, locomotor activity, visual cycle, circadian rhythms, geo-or phototrophism, cessation of food consumption, feeding rate or any other behaviours enhancing survival and transmission of the parasite (Adamo, 2002;Beckage, 2002;Hurd, 2003;Lefèvre and Thomas, 2008;Rogers and Bates, 2007;Schaub, 2006;Thomas et al, 2005;Webster, 2001). Many examples of parasite manipulation, including manipulation of the parasites' life cycles, are given in this special issue; for instance, the summit disease (also called tree top disease) induced by baculovirus (Hughes, 2013), the manipulation of ants by nematodes and fungus species (Hughes, 2013), the 'fatal feline attraction' of Toxoplasma gondii-infected rodents to their predatory cat definitive host (Webster et al, 2013), the bodyguard behaviour (Maure et al, 2013a;Maure et al, 2013b), and hijacking of free will of a host induced by parasitic wasps (Libersat and Gal, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host–parasite molecular cross-talk during the manipulative process of a host by its parasite

Biron

Loxdale

2013

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SummaryMany parasite taxa are able to alter a wide range of phenotypic traits of their hosts in ways that seem to improve the parasiteʼs chance of completing its life cycle. Host behavioural alterations are classically seen as compelling illustrations of the ʻextended phenotypeʼ concept, which suggests that parasite genes have phenotype effects on the host. The molecular mechanisms and the host-parasite cross-talk involved during the manipulative process of a host by its parasite are still poorly understood. In this Review, the current knowledge on proximate mechanisms related to the ʻparasite manipulation hypothesisʼ is presented. Parasite genome sequences do not themselves provide a full explanation of parasite biology nor of the molecular cross-talk involved in host-parasite associations. Recently, first-generation proteomics tools have been employed to unravel some aspects of the parasite manipulation process (i.e. proximate mechanisms and evolutionary convergence) using certain model arthropodhost-parasite associations. The pioneer proteomics results obtained on the manipulative process are here highlighted, along with the many gaps in our knowledge. Candidate genes and biochemical pathways potentially involved in the parasite manipulation are presented. Finally, taking into account the environmental factors, we suggest new avenues and approaches to further explore and understand the proximate mechanisms used by parasite species to alter phenotypic traits of their hosts.

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Parasitogenic alterations of vector behaviour

Cited by 40 publications

References 31 publications

Temperature and Population Density Effects on Locomotor Activity of <I>Musca domestica</I> (Diptera: Muscidae)

Temperature and Population Density Effects on Locomotor Activity of <I>Musca domestica</I> (Diptera: Muscidae)

Genetics and evolution of triatomines: from phylogeny to vector control

Host–parasite molecular cross-talk during the manipulative process of a host by its parasite

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