Parasitological Observation in Schoolchildren with Urogenital Schistosomiasis Following Treatment with Three Different Brands of Praziquantel

Jin, Yan; Cha, Seungman; Lee, Jin-Moo; Elhag, Mousab Siddig; Hong, Sung Tae; Lee, Young Ha

doi:10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e394

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Identifying hotspots is critical for the interruption of transmission. After 10 years of continuous MDA interventions in the White Nile state, the prevalence of schistosomiasis has remained high in some villages and schools due to persistent reinfection [33][34][35]. As part of the SENSE project, snail control and sanitation improvements through community-led total sanitation (CLTS) complement the existing MDA program.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Programmatic Implications for Schistosomiasis Elimination Based on Community-Based Survey in the Blue Nile, North Kordofan, and Sennar States, Sudan

Ismail

Cha

Jin

et al. 2023

Life

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Schistosomiasis prevalence has remained high in some areas due to reinfection despite repeated mass drug administration interventions. We aimed to explore its risk factors in order to help to design adequate interventions in such high-transmission areas. A total of 6225 individuals residing in 60 villages in 8 districts of North Kordofan, Blue Nile, or Sennar States, Sudan participated in the community-based survey in March 2018. First, we investigated Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosoma mansoni prevalences among school-aged children and adults. Second, the associations between risk factors and schistosomiasis were explored. Those without any type of latrine in their households had higher odds of being infected with schistosomiasis than those with a latrine (odds ratio (OR) = 1.53; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.20–1.94; p = 0.001), and the odds of being positive for schistosomiasis among people living in a household without an improved latrine were higher than for their counterparts with an improved latrine (OR = 1.63; CI 1.05–2.55; p = 0.03). Furthermore, people with households or outside compounds found to contain human faeces had higher odds of being infected with schistosomiasis than their counterparts (OR = 1.36, 95% CI 1.01–1.83, p = 0.04). Installing an improved latrine and eliminating open defecation should be highlighted in schistosomiasis elimination projects in high-transmission areas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Programmatic Implications for Schistosomiasis Elimination Based on Community-Based Survey in the Blue Nile, North Kordofan, and Sennar States, Sudan

Ismail

Cha

Jin

et al. 2023

Life

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Identifying hotspots is critical for the interruption of transmission. After 10 years of continuous MDA interventions in the White Nile state, the prevalence of schistosomiasis has remained high in some villages and schools owing to persistent reinfection [18][19][20]. As part of the SENSE project, snail control, and sanitation improvements through community-led total sanitation complement the existing MDA program.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Implications for selecting persistent hot spots of schistosomiasis from community- and school-based surveys in Blue Nile, North Kordofan, and Sennar States, Sudan

Ismail

Cha

Jin

et al. 2023

Parasites Hosts Dis

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In several schistosomiasis-endemic countries, the prevalence has remained high in some areas owing to reinfection despite repeated mass drug administration (MDA) interventions; these areas are referred to as persistent hot spots. Identifying hotspots is critical for interrupting transmission. This study aimed to determine an effective means of identifying persistent hot spots. First, we investigated the differences between Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosoma mansoni prevalence among school-aged children (SAC) estimated by a community-based survey, for which local key informants purposively selected communities, and a randomly sampled school-based survey. A total of 6,225 individuals residing in 60 villages in 8 districts of North Kordofan, Blue Nile, or Sennar States, Sudan participated in a community-based survey in March 2018. Additionally, the data of 3,959 students attending 71 schools in the same 8 districts were extracted from a nationwide school-based survey conducted in January 2017. The community-based survey identified 3 districts wherein the prevalence of S. haematobium or S. mansoni infection among SAC was significantly higher than that determined by the randomly sampled school survey (e.g., S. haematobium in the Sennar district: 10.8% vs. 1.1%, P<0.001). At the state level, the prevalence of schistosomiasis among SAC, as determined by the community-based survey, was consistently significantly higher than that determined by the school-based survey. Purposeful selection of villages or schools based on a history of MDA, latrine coverage, open defecation, and the prevalence of bloody urine improved the ability for identifying persistent hot spots.

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Prevalence and Risk Factors of Schistosomiasis in Sudan: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Alsaafin,

Omer,

Felemban

et al. 2024

Cureus

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Schistosomiasis is considered the most widespread parasitic infection. Both Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosoma mansoni are present, and as waterborne infections, their epidemiology is closely associated with proximity and exposure to freshwater sources. The objective of the current study is to estimate the pooled prevalence of schistosomiasis among the Sudanese population and examine any associated sociocultural risk factors. A systematic review was conducted in December 2022. The review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Sixty-seven research articles were recruited representing a total sample size of 813,571 participants. Schistosoma haematobium pooled prevalence was 24.83% (95% confidence interval (CI): 22.75, 26.92) among 700,337 participants tested, while S. mansoni pooled prevalence of 19.13% (95% CI: 18.70, 19.56) among 685,133 participants was originated. Moreover, schistosomiasis prevalence among school-age children was assessed in 45 included studies; the pooled prevalence of S. haematobium was 22.37 (95% CI: 20.12, 24.63), while S. mansoni pooled prevalence was 18.62 (95% CI: 13.14, 24.11). Furthermore, the highest Schistosoma prevalence (overall pooled prevalence: 41% (95% CI: 26.72, 55,29), S. haematobium pooled prevalence: 38.59 (95% CI: 21.03, 56.14), S. mansoni pooled prevalence: 25.85 (95% CI: 5.07, 46.63)) was found among Gezira State participants, based on a sample size of 5,712 individuals. Farming, male gender, no presence of latrines, canal and stream water sources, and swimming, playing, or bathing in the Nile River and canals were found to be significantly associated with schistosomiasis infection. The current findings are believed to serve as a cornerstone for designing strategies and preventive measures.

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Parasitological Observation in Schoolchildren with Urogenital Schistosomiasis Following Treatment with Three Different Brands of Praziquantel

Cited by 3 publications

References 12 publications

Programmatic Implications for Schistosomiasis Elimination Based on Community-Based Survey in the Blue Nile, North Kordofan, and Sennar States, Sudan

Programmatic Implications for Schistosomiasis Elimination Based on Community-Based Survey in the Blue Nile, North Kordofan, and Sennar States, Sudan

Implications for selecting persistent hot spots of schistosomiasis from community- and school-based surveys in Blue Nile, North Kordofan, and Sennar States, Sudan

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Schistosomiasis in Sudan: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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