Parasitological Screening of Haemo-Parasites of Small Ruminants in Karu Local Government Area of Nasarawa State, Nigeria

Anyanwu, Nneoma Confidence JeanStephanie; Iheanacho, Chidimma; Adogo, L. Y.

doi:10.9734/bmrj/2016/22358

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…In addition, species differentiations is challenging among some haemoparasites using LM. The little information available on the prevalence has been obtained using LM [41][42][43][44][45][46]. The hemoparasites commonly reported in small ruminants were Anaplasma, Babesia, Theileria [41][42][43][44], and scanty reports of Eperythrozoon species [41] and Trypanosoma species [43,45].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The little information available on the prevalence has been obtained using LM [41][42][43][44][45][46]. The hemoparasites commonly reported in small ruminants were Anaplasma, Babesia, Theileria [41][42][43][44], and scanty reports of Eperythrozoon species [41] and Trypanosoma species [43,45]. In this study, LM and the molecular techniques were used to detect the haemoparasites types with the view to give an update in their prevalence and the different species Phylogenetic tree showing evolutionary relationship between the anaplasma sequence from this study (coloured blue) and fi fteen (15) established anaplasma species obtained from the NCBI database.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The higher prevalence in the sampled goats could be attributed to the abundance of the vectors involved in the transmission of these parasites due to suitable environmental conditions appropriate for their survival [5] and the higher sensitivity (PCR) method used [47][48][49][50]. The overall prevalence rate recorded during this study in small ruminants is higher than anyone ever reported in Nigeria [41][42][43][44][45][46][51][52][53]. In addition the 7 haemoparasite species recorded are more numerous than the previously reported ones in sheep has been published in Turkey [63].…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 98%

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Detection and identification of blood-borne infections in goats in Nigeria using light microscopy and polymerase chain reaction

Happi¹,

Buba²,

Oluniyi³

et al. 2020

Int J Vet Sci Res

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Haemoparasitisms in animals are known to impose substantial economic burdens on owners. In Nigeria, most laboratories utilize only Light Microscopy (LM) for their diagnosis. Hence there is a need to have an update assessment of haemoparasitism of goat in Nigeria using molecular investigation. Using LM, blood samples from a total of 173 goats in Ibadan were screened for haemoparasites and haemocytopathological evaluation. Among them, 126 blood samples were randomly selected and PCR tested for the 18S rRNA gene of Babesia/Theileria spp (B/T) and the 16S rRNA gene of Anaplasma/Ehrlichia spp (A/E), while 91 samples were evaluated for the 16S RNA of hemotropic mycoplasma (hemoplasma). Relationship between the haematological changes and PCR results was evaluated. The PCR detection rate was signifi cantly and more than 4-fold higher compared to LM (61.5% and 14.5%, respectively; P < 0.0001) alone. A total of 150 animals were tested by both methods with 62.7% overall infection proportion. Comparison of LM and PCR analyses showed approximately 50% misdiagnosis of Hemoplasma spp by LM with 82.7% and 100% false negative for A/E and B/T recorded by LM, respectively. The haemoparasites detected by LM were Borrelia spp, Hemoplasma spp, Babesia spp, Anaplasma spp and, Trypanosoma brucei. A total of 34.1%, 23% and, 51.6% samples were positive for B/T, A/E and, hemoplasma, respectively. Sequencing and phylogenetic analyses of some PCR products identifi ed samples with high homology with Anaplasma ovis in the A/E group while the B/T were highly related to Theileria velifera. Sequencing of hemoplasma positive samples identifi ed Mycoplasma ovis, Mycoplasma wenyonii and Pseudomonas fl uorescens. The haematological changes were unspecifi c to infection types and, showed no signifi cant deviation between haemoparasite positive and negative animals. The striking disparity between LM and PCR methods for haemoparasite detection and a larger repertoire of haemoparasites are presented. Borrelia spp, Mycoplasma wenyonii, Pseudomonas fl uorescens and Theileria velifera are newly reported in goat with hemotropic mycoplasma being the most prevalent in Ibadan. Studies geared towards pathogenicity investigation in the unusual host, their diversity and factors of transmission are envisaged for effective prevention and control.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 98%

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Detection and identification of blood-borne infections in goats in Nigeria using light microscopy and polymerase chain reaction

Happi¹,

Buba²,

Oluniyi³

et al. 2020

Int J Vet Sci Res

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“…Helminthoses is a dominant parasitic disease among ruminants because of their efficient life cycle ranging from the very simple to the extremely complicated stage (Adejinmi et al, 2015). Babesiosis, tick infestation, myiasis, lice infestation, trypanosomiasis, flea infestation, anaplasmosis and coccidiosis has been reported in sheep and goats in Nigeria (Okaiyeto et al, 2008;Jatau et al, 2011;Peter et al, 2015;Anyanwu et al, 2016). The highest occurrence of parasitic diseases of sheep was recorded in March and October while the highest occurrence of parasitic diseases in goat was recorded in August and November.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A retrospective evaluation of parasitic conditions and their associated risk factors in sheep and goats in Osun state, Nigeria

Ola-Fadunsin¹,

Ibitoye²

2017

Sokoto J. Vet. Sc.

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Parasitism in small ruminants remains a great threat to the advancement of the livestock industry in most tropical countries. This study is aimed at appending and updating current literature on prevalence of parasitic diseases of small ruminants (sheep and goat) prevalent in Osun state, southwest Nigeria. A ten-year data (2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015) involving 321 sheep and 1,210 goats was analysed. Helminthoses (78.8% in sheep; 52.9% in goats) and mange (18.4% in sheep; 49.6% in goats) were the most prevalent parasitic diseases affecting sheep and goats and they occurred all the year round. Other parasitic diseases diagnosed during this period were babesiosis, tick infestation, myiasis, lice infestation, flea infestation, anaplasmosis, coccidiosis and trypanosomiasis. It was observed that age and sex were associated with parasitic diseases in sheep, while it was age and seasons in goats. This study shows that parasitic diseases are common among small ruminants in the state.

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“…Helminthiasis and protozoasis of ruminants can have a fairly significant effect on the violation of the physiological state of animals [6][7][8]15], subsequently this is reflected in a decrease in the level of dairy and meat productivity, the growth rate of young animals and other indicators [6][7][8]. Unfortunately, the prevention of invasive diseases does not receive due attention from managers and veterinarians of farms, despite the wide variety of anthelmintic 7preparations [9-10, 12, 14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure of parasite cenosis of endoparasitoses of ruminants

et al. 2021

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The infestation was studied and the structure of the parasite cenosis of ruminants of the Udmurt Republic was characterized. Over the period of several years of research (2016-2020), a diverse parasitophauna was identified. According to the results of the research, it was established that cattle is mainly invaded by Eimeria spp., nematodes of the Strongylata suborder, dicroceliosis dominates from trematode infestations. The maximum infection rate was noted by eimeriosis invasion, during the entire time of the studies it varied from 87.84 % to 77.73 %, which indicates a tendency to increase invasion and stationary problems of farms. The features of competitive relationships are clearly traced in hepatic flukes: dicrocoeliums and fascioles. Dicrocoeliotic invasion prevails on average by 32 %, which indicates a partial manifestation of antagonism.When analyzing the generic structure of the parasite complex of cattle, on average for five years, it was found that the largest share is occupied by Eimeria spp - 44.35, Strongylata - 30.52, Dicrocoelium - 17.52, Fasciola - 6.43, Eurythrema – 0.67 and Trichostrongylus – 0.51 are less represented. A retrospective epizootic analysis of parasitoses showed that sheeps, like cattle, have a diverse parasitophauna, but in the first case, the detection of monoinvasions is 3.5 times higher. In the structure of sheep parasite cenosis, similar indicators of infection with Eimeria spp, Strongyloides, Moniezia were found, generic indices ranged from 24.18 to 27.61. Strongylatosis of the gastrointestinal tract are replaced by Strongyloides. A significant change was also observed in the group of trematode infestations. Unlike cattle, fasciolosis prevails in sheep with a maximum value of 9.5 times in 2019, while dicroceliosis was not registered at all in 2017. In the sheep parasite complex, moniesiosis occupies the main share – 27.61, which may be related to the conditions of keeping, since sheeps are grazing for a long time and a meeting with intermediate hosts - oribatid mites is inevitable.

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Parasitological Screening of Haemo-Parasites of Small Ruminants in Karu Local Government Area of Nasarawa State, Nigeria

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Detection and identification of blood-borne infections in goats in Nigeria using light microscopy and polymerase chain reaction

Detection and identification of blood-borne infections in goats in Nigeria using light microscopy and polymerase chain reaction

A retrospective evaluation of parasitic conditions and their associated risk factors in sheep and goats in Osun state, Nigeria

Structure of parasite cenosis of endoparasitoses of ruminants

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