Parasomnias

Montplaisir, Jacques; Zadra, Antonio; Nielsen, Toré; Petit, Dominique

doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-6578-6_50

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 346 publications

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“…Previous studies have shown that some stressful factors and poor sleep hygiene could facilitate the onset of parasomnia episodes [29]. For instance, nightmares are often associated with PTSD [44][45][46][47][48] and are reactive to stressful life events [49][50][51][52].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How COVID-19 Affected Sleep Talking Episodes, Sleep and Dreams?

Camaioni,

Scarpelli,

Alfonsi

et al. 2024

Brain Sciences

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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic increased symptoms of stress and anxiety and induced changes in sleep quality, dream activity, and parasomnia episodes. It has been shown that stressful factors and/or bad sleep habits can affect parasomnia behaviors. However, investigations on how COVID-19 has affected sleep, dreams, and episode frequency in parasomnias are rare. The current study focuses on the impact of the pandemic on a specific parasomnia characterized by speech production (sleep talking, ST). Methods: We selected 27 participants with frequent ST episodes (STs) during the pandemic and compared them with 27 participants with frequent STs from a previous study conducted during a pre-pandemic period. All participants performed home monitoring through sleep logs and recorded their nocturnal STs for one week. Results: We observed a higher frequency of STs in the pandemic group. Moreover, STs were related to the emotional intensity of dreams, independent of the pandemic condition. The pandemic was associated with lower bizarreness of dreams in the pandemic group. There were no differences in sleep variables between the two groups. Conclusion: Overall, these results suggest a stressful effect of COVID-19 on the frequency of STs. Both the pandemic and the frequency of STs affect qualitative characteristics of dreams in this population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This increase was associated with poor sleep and psychological symptoms (i.e., anxiety) [21,28]. In the parasomnia literature, it has been observed that stress or fragmented sleep can increase the frequency of nightmares or other altered nighttime sleep disorders [29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How COVID-19 Affected Sleep Talking Episodes, Sleep and Dreams?

Camaioni,

Scarpelli,

Alfonsi

et al. 2024

Brain Sciences

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“…Nevertheless, sleep terrors were reported by a surprising number of participants (17%) overall, while 6.5 % rated them as very frequent and disturbing. Night terrors have a prevalence of 37% to 20% during early childhood, and a prevalence of 2.2% in the general adult population [18].…”

Section: Developmental and Age-related Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The experience of occasional nightmares is very common in the general adult population, ranging from 22% to 45% [19], and in children, from 60% to 75% [7]. Nightmare disorder, the diagnosis of which is made largely by self-report, occurs in about 5% of children [18] and in about 4% of the general adult population [20]. In the present young adult sample, 82% reported the occurrence of nightmares in the past year, and 6.5% rated both the frequency and disturbance level as high.…”

Section: Developmental and Age-related Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasomnias in Post-Secondary Students: Prevalence, Distress, and Coping Strategies

Fichten,

Libman,

Bailes

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Parasomnias are a group of sleep disorders characterized by abnormal and unpleasant motor, verbal or behavioral events that occur during sleep or during transitions between wake and sleep states. They disrupt sleep and can have a detrimental impact on the individual experiencing them. Our goal was to identify types of parasomnias and their prevalence in the post-secondary student population and to explore students' coping strategies for parasomnias they found distressing. Seventy-seven post-secondary students completed the 21-item Munich Parasomnia Screening (MUPS) frequency scale. They also rated, on a 10-point scale, how disturbing each parasomnia was. Not only did 92% percent of students report at least one parasomnia, but our results also indicate that the vast majority of students experienced more than one parasomnia. This led us to investigate the likelihood of the co-occurrence of different parasomnias. With respect to the level of subjectively experienced distress, the most prevalent parasomnias were not always the more disturbing ones. Coded open-ended responses about what students do about the disturbing parasomnias indicate that grounding strategies and physical manipulation of one’s body were the most common, although most participants indicated that in spite of distress, they do nothing to cope. In conclusion, our study found a strikingly high prevalence of parasomnias in this sample of young adults and a lack of knowledge about effective means of dealing with these.

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REM sleep behaviour disorder

Dauvilliers

Schenck

Postuma

et al. 2018

Nat Rev Dis Primers

356

304

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Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) is a parasomnia that is characterized by loss of muscle atonia during REM sleep (known as REM sleep without atonia, or RSWA) and abnormal behaviours occurring during REM sleep, often as dream enactments that can cause injury. RBD is categorized as either idiopathic RBD or symptomatic (also known as secondary) RBD; the latter is associated with antidepressant use or with neurological diseases, especially α-synucleinopathies (such as Parkinson disease, dementia with Lewy bodies and multiple system atrophy) but also narcolepsy type 1. A clinical history of dream enactment or complex motor behaviours together with the presence of muscle activity during REM sleep confirmed by video polysomnography are mandatory for a definite RBD diagnosis. Management involves clonazepam and/or melatonin and counselling and aims to suppress unpleasant dreams and behaviours and improve bedpartner quality of life. RSWA and RBD are now recognized as manifestations of an α-synucleinopathy; most older adults with idiopathic RBD will eventually develop an overt neurodegenerative syndrome. In the future, studies will likely evaluate neuroprotective therapies in patients with idiopathic RBD to prevent or delay α-synucleinopathy-related motor and cognitive decline.

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Parasomnias

Cited by 3 publications

References 346 publications

How COVID-19 Affected Sleep Talking Episodes, Sleep and Dreams?

How COVID-19 Affected Sleep Talking Episodes, Sleep and Dreams?

Parasomnias in Post-Secondary Students: Prevalence, Distress, and Coping Strategies

REM sleep behaviour disorder

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