Parasuicide online: Can suicide websites trigger suicidal behaviour in predisposed adolescents?

Becker, Katja; Mayer, Martina; Nagenborg, Michael; El‐Faddagh, Mahha; Schmidt, Martin H.

doi:10.1080/08039480410005602

Cited by 105 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…[7][8][9] This may exacerbate the risk for NSSI repetition via a socialcontagion effect (ie, NSSI increasing by virtue of seeing, knowing, or hearing about others self-injuring). 8 This is additionally accentuated by research indicating that the Internet may elevate the risk for maladaptive acts, including disordered eating behavior, 20,21 suicidality, [22][23][24] and, possibly, NSSI. [7][8][9]18 Thus, health professionals working with youth engaging in NSSI need to be aware of the content of these videos.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Scope of Nonsuicidal Self-Injury on YouTube

et al. 2011

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WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT:Given its high rates (14 -24%) and co-occurrence with psychiatric difficulties, nonsuicidal self-injury among youth is worrisome. With more youth using video-sharing Web sites, such as YouTube, nonsuicidal self-injury-themed videos may be normalized and reinforced among youth who self-injure. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS:Examination of nonsuicidal self-injury material on YouTube revealed favorably and frequently viewed videos that were accessible and graphic and that often were creative, with an informational, melancholic, or hopeless message. The possible impact of this material on viewers is worrisome.abstract OBJECTIVE: Nonsuicidal self-injury, the deliberate destruction of one's body tissue (eg, self-cutting, burning) without suicidal intent, has consistent rates ranging from 14% to 24% among youth and young adults. With more youth using video-sharing Web sites (eg, YouTube), this study examined the accessibility and scope of nonsuicidal self-injury videos online.METHODS: Using YouTube's search engine (and the following key words: "self-injury" and "self-harm"), the 50 most viewed character (ie, with a live individual) and noncharacter videos (100 total) were selected and examined across key quantitative and qualitative variables. RESULTS:The top 100 videos analyzed were viewed over 2 million times, and most (80%) were accessible to a general audience. Viewers rated the videos positively (M ϭ 4.61; SD: 0.61 out of 5.0) and selected videos as a favorite over 12 000 times. The videos' tones were largely factual or educational (53%) or melancholic (51%). Explicit imagery of self-injury was common. Specifically, 90% of noncharacter videos had nonsuicidal self-injury photographs, whereas 28% of character videos had in-action nonsuicidal self-injury. For both, cutting was the most common method. Many videos (58%) do not warn about this content. CONCLUSIONS:The nature of nonsuicidal self-injury videos on YouTube may foster normalization of nonsuicidal self-injury and may reinforce the behavior through regular viewing of nonsuicidal self-injurythemed videos. Graphic videos showing nonsuicidal self-injury are frequently accessed and received positively by viewers. These videos largely provide nonsuicidal self-injury information and/or express a hopeless or melancholic message. Professionals working with youth and young adults who enact nonsuicidal self-injury need to be aware of the scope and nature of nonsuicidal self-injury on YouTube. Pediatrics 2011;127:e552-e557

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confidence: 99%

The Scope of Nonsuicidal Self-Injury on YouTube

et al. 2011

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“…However, it is necessary to focus attention on programs across the world with these characteristics and which yield excellent preventive results (Gould and Kramer, 2001;Mirjami, Linnea and Marttunen, 2011). It is also important to consider what some authors have already predicted (Baker and Fortune, 2008;Becker et al, 2004;Biddle et al, 2008) with regard to the need to analyze the relationship between computer-based means (chat, social networks, etc.) and suicidal behavior, owing to the fact that these especially vulnerable groups (children, youths, etc.)…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention, assessment and treatment of suicidal behavior. [Prevención, evaluación y tratamiento de la conducta suicida]

2014

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Título: Prevención, evaluación y tratamiento de la conducta suicida. Resumen: El suicidio es un grave problema de salud pública mundial, tanto en países desarrollados como en vías de desarrollo. Los resultados de las investigaciones analizadas muestran que en Europa muere una persona cada nueve minutos debido a esta causa y que, actualmente, en España el suicidio es la primera causa de muerte externa por encima de los accidentes de tráfico. Se presenta una revisión de las últimas conclusiones sobre acciones eficaces de prevención del suicidio en población normal, así como los instrumentos más adecuados para evaluar el nivel de riesgo para cometer una conducta suicida en población clínica. También se ofrecen los tratamientos, que la literatura científica, ha detectado más eficaces en la lucha contra el suicidio. Se discuten los resultados más destacados en la prevención y tratamiento del suicidio, y también se plantean diversas limitaciones de este estudio, que podrían ser consideradas líneas futuras de investigación para profesionales e investigadores interesados en esta temática. Palabras clave: suicidio; prevención; evaluación; tratamiento.Abstract: Suicide is a serious global public health problem in both developed and developing countries. The results of the research reviewed here reveal that, in Europe, one person dies by suicide every nine minutes, and that in Spain it is currently the leading external cause of death after road traffic accidents. This review presents the latest findings on effective suicide prevention strategies in the general population as well as the most appropriate instruments for assessing the level of risk for suicidal behavior in a clinical population. The treatments that scientific literature reports to be most effective in the fight against suicide are also included. The most significant results in terms of both prevention and treatment are discussed and several limitations to this study are also raised, which may be considered for future work by practitioners and researchers interested in this field.

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“…As above, these studies distinguish between the role of websites and fora in distributing information that might facilitate suicide, in inciting it and in establishing pacts between suicidal individuals, all of which are portrayed as harmful (Becker, Mayer, Nagenborg, El-Faddagh, & Schmidt., 2004;Biddle, 2008;Naito, 2007). There are also suggestions that the Internet may exacerbate existing risks, illustrated by examples of individuals who commit to killing themselves in online suicide fora and then feel they can't back down (Baume, Cantor, &Rolfe, 1997).…”

Section: Scale Of Health-related Harmsmentioning

confidence: 99%