Parasympathetic reactivation after repeated sprint exercise

Abstract

Buchheit M, Laursen PB, Ahmaidi S. Parasympathetic reactivation after repeated sprint exercise. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 293: H133-H141, 2007. First published March 2, 2007; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00062.2007.-The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of muscular power engagement, anaerobic participation, aerobic power level, and energy expenditure on postexercise parasympathetic reactivation. We compared the response of heart rate (HR) after repeated sprinting with that of exercise sessions of comparable net energy expenditure and anaerobic energy contribution. Fifteen moderately trained athletes performed 1) 18 maximal all-out 15-m sprints interspersed with 17 s of passive recovery (RS), 2) a moderate isocaloric continuous exercise session (MC) at a level of mean oxygen uptake similar to that of the RS trial, and 3) a high-intensity intermittent exercise session (HI) conducted at a level of anaerobic energy expenditure similar to that of the RS trial. Subjects were immediately seated after the exercise trials, and beatto-beat HR was recorded for 10 min. Parasympathetic reactivation was evaluated through 1) immediate postexercise HR recovery, 2) the time course of the root mean square for the successive R-R interval difference between successive 30-s segments (RMSSD30s) and 3) HR variability vagal-related indexes calculated for the last 5-min stationary period of recovery. RMSSD30s increased during the 10-min period after the MC trial, whereas RMSSD 30s remained depressed after both the RS and HI trials. Parasympathetic reactivation indexes were similar for the RS and HI trials but lower than for the MC trial (P Ͻ 0.001). When data of the three exercise trials were considered together, only anaerobic contribution was related to HR trial-derived indexes. Parasympathetic reactivation is highly impaired after RS exercise and appears to be mainly related to anaerobic process participation.heart rate recovery; vagal-related indexes; autonomic activity; sprint interval training REPEATED SPRINT (RS) training, characterized by recurring sessions of brief repeated bouts of supramaximal exercise, may be a time-efficient strategy for inducing metabolic adaptations in human skeletal muscle (15). Adaptations shown after a short time course of RS training include increased resting glycogen content (20), increased maximal activities of various enzymes involved in glycolytic (31) and oxidative energy provision (10,20), an increased H ϩ buffer capacity (17,20), and decreased cycling time-trial performance (10,15,20). As a result, RS training has been proposed as a viable alternative to classically prescribed submaximal endurance training (10,17,20).Today, there are growing social and psychological reasons to encourage RS training within clinical populations. First, RS training is remarkably time efficient and more compatible with the Western world's time-poor modern lifestyle. Second, the concept of RS training may also be more attractive than continuous exercise for sedentary individuals who have difficulty han...

Heart rate variability is related to training load variables in interval running exercises

“…The frequency domain methods are perhaps the most widely used in exercise/training studies investigating HRV, but they have methodological limitations that inhibit their use during changing autonomic conditions, like immediate recovery after exercise (Task Force, 1996). In the few studies that have investigated HRV recovery during the first minutes of recovery, HRV has been found to be significantly lower than resting values, and either starting to increase already during the first recovery minutes (Casties et al 2006;Goldberger et al 2006;Martinmäki & Rusko, 2008) or remaining blunted for several minutes before recovery begins (Buchheit et al 2007a;Oliveira et al 2013). Differences in the results may be, at least partly, explained with differences in the physical TL of the preceding exercises as well as in the training status of the subjects.…”

“…They concluded that restoration of autonomic control of HR is slower after exercise with a greater metabolic demand (Martinmäki & Rusko, 2008). In addition to Martinmäki & Rusko (2008), Buchheit et al (2007a) concluded that parasympathetic reactivation appears to be mainly related to anaerobic process. They studied the effects of high-intensity sprint exercises on immediate 10 min HRV recovery of trained athletes, and found highly impaired vagal reactivation during the first minutes of recovery.…”

“…In addition, increased exercise intensity has been found to have an effect on HRV after exercise, both during early (Casties et al 2006;Goldberger et al 2006;Martinmäki & Rusko, 2008) and later recovery (Buchheit et al 2007a;Gladwell et al 2010;Parekh & Lee, 2005;Saboul et al 2015;Seiler et al 2007;Terziotti et al 2001).…”

Ballistic stretch or aerobic warm-up evoke postexercise hypotension after maximal exercise

“…When addressing autonomic factors that interfere on blood pressure, heart rate variability (HRV) is the best indirect method to evaluate the autonomic control over the cardiovascular system for humans 21 . Vagalrelated indexes, such as the power density in the high-frequency (HF) range obtained by spectral analysis, are the most widely used variables to examine HRV 22 . At rest there is a predominance of vagal modulation of the heart, but during exercise sympathetic tone is increased and parasympathetic tone diminishes gradually 23 .…”

Influência do grupamento muscular na recuperação da frequência cardíaca após o exercício resistido

“…Many studies have assessed the REC-HR after aerobic exercise and observed that exercise intensity 13 , aerobic fitness 14 , physical training 15 , among other factors, influence on the behavior of this variable. On the other hand, despite the high number of practitioners, few studies have been carried out in the attempt to evaluate the REC-HR after the RE 7,8 .…”