Parechovirus Infection Mimicking Bacterial Sepsis in an Infant

Human parechovirus meningitis in children: state of the art

“…Leukopenia was found especially in neonates and infants aged < 3 months [ 1 , 55 , 63 , 67 ]. Low values of haemoglobin were occasionally described [ 12 , 56 ].…”

“…As for the remaining CSF biochemistry, in HPeV meningitis proteins were normal or slightly elevated [ 1 , 8 , 14 , 18 , 21 , 27 , 45 , 55 , 56 , 61 , 62 , 70 , 72 ]. Moreover, glucose values were generally normal [ 1 , 8 , 21 , 27 , 41 , 51 , 55 , 61 , 62 , 70 , 72 ].…”

“…Instrumental diagnostic exams were used as complementary and to investigate HPeV’s clinical complications and outcomes. Twenty-three publications analysed instrumental exams in patients affected by HPeV meningitis [ 1 , 10 , 12 , 25 , 26 , 28 , 45 , 48 – 50 , 56 – 58 , 62 , 65 – 68 , 71 – 73 , 77 , 78 ].…”

“…Head ultrasound was used in reports as it is a fast, non-invasive and economic diagnostic exam. Nevertheless, it generally resulted in normal finding [ 1 , 12 , 25 , 45 , 48 , 50 , 56 , 62 , 77 , 78 ].…”

“…Out of the included reports, eleven focused on the therapeutic approach [ 10 , 21 , 45 , 50 , 56 , 57 , 62 , 68 , 69 , 73 , 79 ]. Authors agree on supportive therapy, including paracetamol and fluids.…”