Parent and Peer Predictors of Change in Attachment Security From Adolescence to Adulthood

Allen, Joseph P.; Grande, Leah A.; Tan, Jasmine; Loeb, Emily L.

doi:10.1111/cdev.12840

Cited by 57 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Psychological control, defined as the control that parents put in place to intrude into the psychological world of the child, undermines children's adequate psychological functioning (Soenens & Vansteenkiste, ). As expected, the construct is negatively correlated with peer support and self‐esteem, and positively related to anxiety and aggressive behaviour in children (Allen, Grande, Tan, & Loeb, ; Costa, Soenens, Gugliandolo, Cuzzocrea, & Larcan, ; Murray, Dwyer, Rubin, Knighton‐Wisor, & Booth‐LaForce, ; Wuyts, Vansteenkiste, Soenens, & Assor, ). A recent meta‐analysis (Endendijk, Groeneveld, Bakermans‐Kranenburg, & Mesman, ) has shown that although the effect of paternal and maternal psychological control is very similar for both boys and girl, parents tend to be more psychologically controlling with boys than with girls.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 54%

The relative contribution of parenting practices in predicting trait emotional intelligence in an Italian adolescent sample

Gugliandolo

Mavroveli

Costa

et al. 2019

British J of Dev Psycho

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This study examines the relationship between trait emotional intelligence (trait EI), support, and parental psychological control practices. Three hundred adolescents, between 11 and 13 years old, took part in the study (163 were males and 137 were females). Participants completed the Perceptions of Parents Scales for the parental support, the Dependency (DPC)-and Achievement (APC)-oriented Psychological Control Scales for the parental psychological control, and the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire-Child Form for the child's trait EI. Trait EI was related to parenting variables, and also, parental practices (both support and psychological control) predicted global trait EI in adolescents. Some gender-specific differences were found: both APC and DPC were negative predictors of trait EI in males, whereas only APC significantly predicted trait EI in females. Future longitudinal studies are needed to examine these results and to shed light on the processes involved in the development of trait EI. Statement of contributionWhat is already known on this subject?There exists strong evidence of the interaction between parenting practices and emotional development in children and adolescents. Therefore, parental psychological control is negatively correlated with peer support and selfesteem, and positively related to anxiety and aggressive behaviour in children. However,thereispaucityonresearchexaminingtherelationshipbetweenparentingandtraitEIinchildren. What does this study adds?This study extends earlier work in this field and investigates whether there is a relationship between trait EI and parenting practices (parental support and psychological control) and whether it depends on child and parent gender. This study, therefore, aims to investigate, for the first time, parental factors that may, in addition to those constitutional, be related to trait EI in children. Specifically, the objective of the present study was to investigate whether parenting practices would predict adolescents' trait EI and whether these relations depend on the gender.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 54%

The relative contribution of parenting practices in predicting trait emotional intelligence in an Italian adolescent sample

Gugliandolo

Mavroveli

Costa

et al. 2019

British J of Dev Psycho

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“…Research has shown that the quality of adolescents’ social relationships plays a significant role in their well-being [18,29]. Although in adolescence the relationship with the peer group acquires greater relevance than in childhood, parent-child relationships continue to be a primary source of well-being for the adolescent [25]. One of the variables which influences the development of emotional competencies is parental attachment, in fact, adolescents who maintain a secure attachment to their parents are more capable to perceive, name, express and regulate their emotions [77].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Children whose primary caregivers, usually the mother and the father, were sensitive and responded appropriately to their needs, establish a bond of secure parental attachment and, as a consequence, foster a basic attitude of trust towards others [24]. From adolescence to mid-life, this could translate into more fluid and positive interpersonal relationships, thanks to more effective emotional and interpersonal skills [23,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lastly, it is important to consider the influence of sociodemographic variables, such as age and sex, when examining the relationship among attachment, emotional competencies and well-being in adolescence [43,44]. In terms of age, the relationship with parents seems to lose relevance in adolescence compared to childhood, with relationships with a peer group being a priority [25,45]. At the same time, as previously mentioned, levels of well-being are reduced with respect to children [46,47].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Attachment Styles and Well-Being in Adolescents: How Does Emotional Development Affect This Relationship?

Mónaco

Schoeps

Montoya‐Castilla

2019

IJERPH

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Attachment relationships with parents, as well as emotional competencies, are protective factors against stress and other physical, mental, and relational health symptoms in adolescence. In this paper, we will examine the mediating role of emotional competencies in the relationship between attachment to parents and the well-being of adolescents, taking into account the influence of gender. There were 1276 Spanish adolescents between 12 and 15 years old (M = 13.48; SD = 1.09). We measured mother and father attachment relationships (trust, communication and alienation), emotional competencies (perceive and understand emotions, label and express emotions, manage and regulate emotions), and adolescent well-being using the indicators: somatic complaints, stress, satisfaction with life and affectivity. Descriptive analyses, Pearson correlations, and a multi-group path analysis were performed. The results indicated that emotional competencies partially mediate the relationship between attachment to parents and well-being variables. Attachment to one’s mother and father, along with emotional competencies, are relevant variables in adolescent well-being. This highlights the importance of understanding the protective factors of well-being in adolescence, a time when levels of well-being are reduced compared to childhood.

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“…Individuals who developed a secure attachment to their parents are more likely to establish a secure attachment bond with their peers [22]. The study of peer attachment is of great interest especially in adolescence, when social relationships become more complex [23,24]. A secure peer attachment is defined as a relationship established on a basis of trust, along with the belief that the other person will respect one' own needs and desires, and she will be able to both understand and respond if when communicating our feelings [25].…”

Section: Importance Of Secure Peer Attachment Relationshipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of peer attachment on prosocial behavior, emotional difficulties and conduct problems in adolescence: The mediating role of empathy

et al. 2020

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Attachment theories postulate that during adolescence, peer relationships become more important as a predictor of positive social, emotional and behavioral outcomes. Adolescents develop the ability to empathize with others, which is related to healthy functioning and positive peer relationships. Empathy has been studied as a potential mechanism that may help to explain how strong and healthy emotional bonds are associated with less emotional disorders and conduct problems in youth. The main purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between peer attachment and strengths and difficulties during adolescence, considering empathy as a potential mediator of this association. A total of 800 Spanish adolescents (56.65% girls), aged between 12 and 15 years (M = 14.02, SD = 1.21), completed measures of peer attachment, empathy, conduct problems, emotional difficulties and prosocial behavior. Structural equation models indicated that peer attachment was negatively associated with conduct problems and emotional difficulties but positively related to prosocial behavior. In general, empathy mediated the link between peer attachment and both emotional and behavioral outcomes, without significant group differences between boys and girls. The discussion focuses on the importance of healthy peer relationships as a powerful predictor of emotional well-being and psychological problems in adolescence.

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Parent and Peer Predictors of Change in Attachment Security From Adolescence to Adulthood

Cited by 57 publications

References 49 publications

The relative contribution of parenting practices in predicting trait emotional intelligence in an Italian adolescent sample

The relative contribution of parenting practices in predicting trait emotional intelligence in an Italian adolescent sample

Attachment Styles and Well-Being in Adolescents: How Does Emotional Development Affect This Relationship?

The impact of peer attachment on prosocial behavior, emotional difficulties and conduct problems in adolescence: The mediating role of empathy

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