Parent–child interaction therapy (PCIT) in young children with autism spectrum disorder

Development of the Observation Schedule for Children with Autism–Anxiety, Behaviour and Parenting (OSCA–ABP): A New Measure of Child and Parenting Behavior for Use with Young Autistic Children

“…Using the Structured Observational Analog Procedure-a parent-child interaction measure consisting of a series of four 10-min conditions (free play, social attention, demand, tangible restriction)-autistic children who were screened in on elevated levels of EBPs displayed unexpectedly high levels of compliance during the clinic-based assessment at baseline, limiting scope for change on this measure (Bearss et al 2015a;Handen et al 2013). High rates of compliance at baseline have also been reported on the DPICS, which consists of child-and parent-led play conditions and a clean up (Scudder et al 2019). Similarly, Tellegan and Sanders (2014) noted that few observed aversive parenting behaviors were seen during 30-min observations of parent-child interactions conducted in the home.…”

A Systematic Literature Review of Autism Research on Caregiver Talk

“…Howin and Rutter's (1989) small, within‐subjects design study associated these changes with autistic children's improvement in nonecholalic speech in an observational assessment. Parent–child interaction therapy has been examined in multiple studies, which purports that training can decrease caregivers' use of some speech functions, including questions, commands, and criticisms, while increasing praise, reflection, and commenting (Elder et al, 2011; Ginn, Clionsky, Eyberg, Warner‐Metzger, & Abner, 2017; Parladé et al, 2020; Ros & Graziano, 2019; Zlomke, Jeter, & Murphy, 2017; Scudder et al, 2019). However, only two studies [Ginn et al, 2017; Scudder et al, 2019] were RCTs, and downstream child gains were restricted to measures subject to detection bias (e.g., parent reports, which are especially problematic for caregiver mediated interventions).…”

“…Parent–child interaction therapy has been examined in multiple studies, which purports that training can decrease caregivers' use of some speech functions, including questions, commands, and criticisms, while increasing praise, reflection, and commenting (Elder et al, 2011; Ginn, Clionsky, Eyberg, Warner‐Metzger, & Abner, 2017; Parladé et al, 2020; Ros & Graziano, 2019; Zlomke, Jeter, & Murphy, 2017; Scudder et al, 2019). However, only two studies [Ginn et al, 2017; Scudder et al, 2019] were RCTs, and downstream child gains were restricted to measures subject to detection bias (e.g., parent reports, which are especially problematic for caregiver mediated interventions). Another issue with this research is that caregivers' speech functions are measured using a standardized protocol and coding system developed on nonautistic children (the Dyadic Parent–Child Interaction Coding System‐IV , Eyberg, Nelson, Ginn, Bhuiyan, & Boggs, 2013), and the construct validity of this instrument is not yet clear for autistic child‐caregiver dyads [Zlomke, Bauman, & Edwards, 2019].…”

Introducing ‘Predictive Parenting’: A Feasibility Study of a New Group Parenting Intervention Targeting Emotional and Behavioral Difficulties in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

“…Finally, it is notable that most studies to date have evaluated manualized approaches adapted from programs for typically developing children or those with behavioral or emotional difficulties. Examples include the Stepping Stones Triple P (SSTP) program (Tellegen & Sanders, 2014;Whittingham, Sofronoff, Sheffield, & Sanders, 2009b;Zand et al, 2017); the ASD-adapted Incredible Years group program (Webster-Stratton & Reid, 2010;Williams et al, 2017), Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (Scudder et al, 2019) and 'Coping Cat' for anxiety (McNally Keehn, Lincoln, Brown, & Chavira, 2013). Consequently, parenting interventions to date, although theoretically informed in terms of the target symptoms, do not have a strong ASD-specific framework or underpinning concept.…”