Parent-Child Relations in Transsexual and Non-Transsexual Homosexual Males

Birth order and sibling sex ratio in homosexual male adolescents and probably prehomosexual feminine boys.

“…Second, these findings may prompt a reanalysis of other familial factors previously conjectured to play a role in the development of homosexuality. An example of this is the hypothesis that the absence of a father predisposes a boy to homosexuality, a hypothesis seemingly supported by a few studies showing a more frequent absence of fathers in the households of prehomosexual boys (Freund, Langevin, Zajac, Steiner, & Zajac, 1974;Terman & Miles, 1936). The likelihood of parental deprivation occurring during early childhood, however, is greater for later-born than for earlier-born children (de-Lint, 1964(de-Lint, , 1966; therefore the relative frequency of absent fathers in the households of prehomosexual boys may be merely a statistical artifact of the boys' later birth order.…”