Parental Activity as a Determinant of Activity Level and Patterns of Activity in Obese Children

Kalakanis, Lisa E.; Goldfield, Gary S.; Paluch, Rocco A.; Epstein, Leonard H.

doi:10.1080/02701367.2001.10608953

Cited by 72 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…However, such exposures are themselves in part likely to be mediators of the parental BMI effects since childhood diet and physical activity patterns are known to be importantly determined by parental activities. [30][31][32] Implications We have found that the majority of those who were overweight or obese at age 5 y remain overweight or obese at age 14 y and an important proportion of those who were normal at age 5 y become overweight or obese. These findings suggest that to reduce the public health burden of childhood and adolescence overweight or obesity, early prevention of childhood obesity is important.…”

Section: Study Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Family and early life factors associated with changes in overweight status between ages 5 and 14 years: findings from the Mater University Study of Pregnancy and its outcomes

et al. 2005

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OBJECTIVE:To describe different patterns of overweight status between ages 5 and 14 y and examine the role of modifiable family and early life characteristics in explaining different patterns of change between these two ages. DESIGN: A population-based prospective birth cohort. SUBJECTS: A total of 2934 children (52% males) who were participants in the Mater-University study of pregnancy, Brisbane, and who were examined at ages 5 and 14 y. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Four patterns of change in overweight/obesity status between ages 5 and 14 y: (i) normal at both ages; (ii) normal at 5 y and overweight/obese at 14 y; (iii) overweight/obese at 5 y and normal at 14 y; (iv) overweight/ obese at both ages. RESULTS: Of the 2934 participants, 2018 (68.8%) had a normal body mass index (BMI) at ages 5 and 14 y, 425 (14.5%) changed from a normal BMI at age 5 y to overweight or obese at age 14 y, 175 (6.0%) changed from being overweight or obese at age 5 y to normal weight at age 14 y and 316 (10.8%) were overweight or obese at both ages 5 and 14 y. Girls were more likely to make the transition from overweight or obese at age 5 y to normal at 14 y than their boy counterparts. Children whose parents were overweight or obese were more likely to change from having a normal BMI at age 5 y to being overweight at 14 y (fully adjusted RR: 6.17 (95% CI: 3.97, 9.59)) and were more likely to be overweight at both ages (7.44 (95% CI: 4.60, 12.02)). Birth weight and increase in weight over the first 6 months of life were both positively associated with being overweight at both ages. Other explanatory factors were not associated with the different overweight status transitions.

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Section: Study Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Family and early life factors associated with changes in overweight status between ages 5 and 14 years: findings from the Mater University Study of Pregnancy and its outcomes

et al. 2005

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“…5,6 Several studies have demonstrated that parental involvement significantly improves treatment outcome, [6][7][8][9] and parental weight change and parental activity are significant predictors of child weight change and activity. 4,[10][11][12] These data suggest that parental influences are critical determinants of children's attitudes about eating and weight loss and that a closer examination of specific parental attributes may help improve current weight-loss treatments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between sex of parent and child on weight loss and maintenance in a family-based obesity treatment program

et al. 2006

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Objective: To determine if the sex of the participating parent/child pair is a contributing factor in initial weight loss and maintenance within a family-based obesity treatment program. Design: A 2-year family-based obesity treatment program targeting one overweight parent and one overweight child. Subjects: One overweight parent (body mass index (BMI)X25) and child (X85th BMI percentile) from 164 families. Measurements: Parameters of body weight, including height, weight, BMI, z-BMI, percent overweight (BOV) at baseline and at 6-, 12-and 24-month follow-up time points. Results: Children within the opposite-sex dyads had greater weight loss (Po0.01) at 6-and 12-month time points compared with children in the same-sex dyads. Parents within opposite-sex dyads had significantly greater weight loss at 24 months (Po0.05) compared with those in the same-sex dyads. When individual dyads were examined, the change in child z-BMI after 6 months was greater for the mother-son dyad as compared to the mother-daughter and father-son (Po0.05). For parent z-BMI, the mother-daughter dyad consistently exhibited the poorest results. At 6-and 12-month time points, parents in the motherdaughter dyad lost significantly less weight than parents in all other dyads (Po0.05), and at 24 months, parents in the motherdaughter dyad lost less weight than parents in the opposite-sex dyads (Po0.05). Conclusion: These data reveal that child-parent sex interactions can strongly influence the outcome of obesity treatment when both parent and child are the target for weight loss. The reasons that underlie this effect remain to be determined.

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“…4 The home environment seems to have an important function in children's physical activity and obesity risk in a number of ways. For example, parental modelling of physical activity and of sedentary behaviour is associated with children's activity levels, 5,6 their sedentary habits 7 and a greater likelihood of being overweight in girls. 8 Sibling physical activity has also been inversely associated with weight change in girls.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The longitudinal influence of home and neighbourhood environments on children's body mass index and physical activity over 5 years: the CLAN study

et al. 2010

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Objective: To determine the independent contributions of family and neighbourhood environments to changes in youth physical activity and body mass index (BMI) z-score over 5 years. Methods: In 2001 years at baseline) had their height and weight measured (BMI was converted to z-scores using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reference charts; see http://www.cdc.gov/growthcharts) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) assessed using accelerometers. In 2001, parents reported on the home environment (social support, role modelling, rules and restrictions, physical environment) and perceived neighbourhood environment (local traffic, road safety, sporting venues, public transport), and Geographic Information Systems were used to map features of the neighbourhood environment (destinations, road connectivity, traffic exposure). Generalized estimating equations were used to predict average BMI z-score and MVPA over time from baseline home and perceived and objective neighbourhood environment factors. Results: Among boys, maternal education and heavy traffic were inversely associated, and sibling physical activity, maternal role modelling of MVPA and the presence of dead-end roads were positively associated with MVPA. Having unmarried parents, maternal MVPA role modelling and number of home sedentary items were positively associated with BMI z-score among boys. Among girls, having siblings, paternal MVPA role modelling, physical activity rules and parental physical activity co-participation were positively associated with MVPA. Having unmarried parents and maternal sedentary behaviour role modelling were positively associated, and number of sedentary behaviour rules and physical activity items were inversely associated with BMI z-score among girls. Conclusion: The home environment seems more important than the neighbourhood environment in influencing children's physical activity and BMI z-score over 5 years. Physical activity and weight gain programmes among youth should focus on parental role modelling, rules around sedentary and active pursuits, and parental support for physical activity. Intervention studies to investigate these strategies are warranted.

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Parental Activity as a Determinant of Activity Level and Patterns of Activity in Obese Children

Cited by 72 publications

References 49 publications

Family and early life factors associated with changes in overweight status between ages 5 and 14 years: findings from the Mater University Study of Pregnancy and its outcomes

Family and early life factors associated with changes in overweight status between ages 5 and 14 years: findings from the Mater University Study of Pregnancy and its outcomes

Relationship between sex of parent and child on weight loss and maintenance in a family-based obesity treatment program

The longitudinal influence of home and neighbourhood environments on children's body mass index and physical activity over 5 years: the CLAN study

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