Parental Distress and Affective Perception of Hospital Environment after a Pictorial Intervention in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

Abstract

Pictorial humanization is a useful intervention for the improvement of hospitalized patients’ affective states. Despite benefits in many hospital wards having been well documented, so far, no attention was paid to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the levels of distress and the affective perception of the environment experienced by parents of infants hospitalized in a NICU after the implementation of an intervention of pictorial humanization. A sample of 48 parents was recruited, 25 before the intervention was performed (Control Group), and 23 after its implementation (Pictorial Humanization Group). All parents completed the “Rapid Stress Assessment Scale” and “Scales of the Affective Quality Attributed to Place” questionnaires. Despite results showing no significant differences on parental distress, after implementation of pictorial intervention parents reported a perception of the NICU as significantly more pleasant, exciting, and arousing, and less distressing, unpleasant, gloomy, and sleepy. A higher level of distress and a perception of the environment as less relaxing was predicted for the Control Group condition. The present study suggests that the pictorial intervention represents a useful technique to create more welcoming hospital environments and to reduce the negative effects associated with infant hospitalization.

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“…Es de vital importancia brindar educación sobre relaciones interpersonales para mejorar la comunicación, colaboración entre los miembros del equipo de salud y respetar los roles de los miembros del equipo multidisciplinario. 77 El choque ideológico que puede suponer la instauración de nuevas políticas representa, potencialmente, una barrera; existe un periodo de adaptación y el aprendizaje es continuo. La humanización es fundamental en el ámbito de calidad, la implementación de buenas prácticas en los cuidados intensivos tiene un impacto significativo demostrable sobre el bienestar del equipo interdisciplinar, los pacientes críticos y su familia.…”