“…In these school systems, students are allocated by teachers to different schools with different curricula and different final degrees on the basis of their achievements and interests in primary school. Although changing school-tracks in hierarchical systems is possible, it occurs quite rarely (e.g., Baumert, Trautwein & Artelt, 2003;Bellenberg, Hovestadt, & Klemm, 2004;Klapproth, Schaltz, & Glock, 2014).…”