Parental Embodied Mentalizing: Let’s Be Explicit About What We Mean by Implicit

Shai, Dana; Belsky, Jay

doi:10.1111/j.1750-8606.2011.00195.x

Cited by 31 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…1997; Shai & Belsky, 2011aSlade, 2005). This study examined two aspects of parental mentalizing-maternal mind-mindedness (Meins, 1997) and parental embodied mentalizing (PEM; Shai & Belsky, 2011a, 2011bShai & Fonagy, 2014)-to investigate whether both verbal and nonverbal facets of mentalizing predict independent variance in infant-parent attachment security.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Explicit mentalizing reflects a relatively slow process, which is typically verbal and requires reflection, awareness, and effort (Allen, Fonagy, & Bateman, 2008;Fonagy & Luyten, 2009;Lieberman, 2006). In contrast, implicit mentalizing involves faster processing, is typically reflexive, and requires little or no awareness or effort (Allen et al, 2008;Satpute & Lieberman, 2006;Shai & Belsky, 2011a, 2011bVan Overwalle & Vandekerckhove, 2013). These forms of mentalizing may differ not only phonologically and theoretically, but in terms of the associated activation of neural circuits (Frith & Frith, 2008;Keysers & Gazzola, 2007).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Parental Embodied Mentalizing and its Relation to Mind‐Mindedness, Sensitivity, and Attachment Security

Shai

Meins

2018

Infancy

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Relations between two forms of parental mentalizing—maternal mind‐mindedness (appropriate and nonattuned mind‐related comments) and parental embodied mentalizing (PEM)—and their role in predicting infant attachment security were investigated. Maternal PEM and mind‐mindedness were assessed at 8 months (N = 206), and infant attachment security was assessed at 15 months. PEM was positively correlated with appropriate mind‐related comments and was unrelated to nonattuned mind‐related comments. Multinomial regression analyses showed that higher PEM distinguished between secure versus insecure–avoidant infants and between insecure–resistant versus insecure–avoidant infants over and above the contributions of appropriate and nonattuned mind‐related comments. These results suggest that both verbal and nonverbal indices of parental mentalizing make independent contributions in predicting the security of the infant–mother attachment relationship.

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Parental Embodied Mentalizing and its Relation to Mind‐Mindedness, Sensitivity, and Attachment Security

Shai

Meins

2018

Infancy

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“…Thereby, the quality of the nonverbal interaction between the parent and the infant is underlying the parent’s quality of mentalizing of the infant’s experience [39]. This is in line with the concept of Parental embodied mentalizing (PEM)—defined as the “parental capacity to (a) implicitly conceive, comprehend, and extrapolate the infant’s mental states (such as wishes, desires, or preferences) from the infant’s whole-body kinesthetic expressions and (b) adjust one’s own kinesthetic patterns accordingly ([40], 187).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Empathy in Psychoanalysis and Medical Education - what can we learn from each other?

et al. 2017

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BackgroundSeveral research areas, including medical education (ME), focus on empathy as an important topic in interpersonal relationships. This focus is central to the use of communication skills related to empathy and even more crucial to provide information in a way that makes patients feel more involved in the treatment process. Psychoanalysis (PA) provides its initial concept of empathy based on affective aspects including findings from neuroscience and brain research. Enhancing cooperation between ME and PA can help to integrate both aspects of empathy into a longitudinal training program.DiscussionThe condition of psychoanalytic empathy definitions is the understanding of unconscious processes. It is important to primarily attend especially the dominant affects towards the patient before interpreting his or her behaviour, since in explaining the emerging affects, the analyst has to empathize with the patient to understand the (unconscious) reasons for its behaviour. A strong consideration of nonverbal communication, clinical perceptions, intuitive interaction, contagion-like processes and their implementation and empowerment in medical and therapeutic curricula is one way of beneficially using interdisciplinary approaches to yield empathy in clinical interaction.ConclusionEstablished methods of PA, like training of containment, reflective functioning, affective holding and giving meaningful interpretations in accordance with countertransferential and transferential aspects may help to put a focus on the clinican-patient-interaction and the preservation of the physicians’ (mental) health. In consequence of the discussion of various training methods that take the theoretical and practical concepts of empathy into account, we aim for an implementation of the named methods in the medical curricula.

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“…The patients were also supported non-verbally by the physical therapist throughout the six months treatment. The importance of this non-verbal communication or support by performing movements together with the patient has previously been described to play a role in the therapeutic communication and enhance the relational and motivational aspects of treatment [49].…”

Section: Discussion Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

To increase physical activity in sedentary patients with affective – or schizophrenia spectrum disorders – a clinical study of adjuvant physical therapy in mental health

Gyllensten

Ovesson

Lena

et al. 2019

Nordic Journal of Psychiatry

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Purpose: To understand if physical therapy in addition to individualized psychiatric specialist treatment could aid sedentary patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders or affective spectrum disorders to become more physically active and also to identify assessments suitable for measuring physical activity, physical function and movement motivation. Materials and methods: In a longitudinal, clinical study 18 sedentary patients that filled inclusion criteria were consecutively included. The patients were diagnosed with affective disorders (n ¼ 10) or schizophrenia spectrum disorders (n ¼ 8). Results: Fifteen patients fulfilled the 6-month treatment. The affective group significantly improved physical activity, walking capacity, physical function, exercise habits and attitudes. The schizophrenia spectrum group significantly improved the attitudes to the body and movements but did not increase their physical activity. Instruments to study physical activity, physical function and movement motivation were identified. Conclusion: The study revealed that physical therapy in addition to individualized psychiatric specialist treatment might be an aid for the patients to become more physically active. Patients with affective disorders reached recommended levels of moderate physical activity according to World Health Organization guidelines. Sedentary patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders revealed positive attitude-changes, but no behavioral change.

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Parental Embodied Mentalizing: Let’s Be Explicit About What We Mean by Implicit

Cited by 31 publications

References 11 publications

Parental Embodied Mentalizing and its Relation to Mind‐Mindedness, Sensitivity, and Attachment Security

Parental Embodied Mentalizing and its Relation to Mind‐Mindedness, Sensitivity, and Attachment Security

Empathy in Psychoanalysis and Medical Education - what can we learn from each other?

To increase physical activity in sedentary patients with affective – or schizophrenia spectrum disorders – a clinical study of adjuvant physical therapy in mental health

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