Parental incarceration affects children’s emotional and behavioral outcomes: A longitudinal cohort study of children aged 9 to 13 years

Bradshaw, Daragh; Creaven, Ann‐Marie; Muldoon, Orla T.

doi:10.1177/0165025421995918

Cited by 9 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Indeed, all of the Special Section papers present crucial information for the creation and improvement of targeted interventions. For instance, Bradshaw et al (2021) suggest interventions focus on the primary caregivers of a child in the context of parental incarnation. Shi et al (2020) highlight ego-resilience as a protective factor for youth in conflict with teachers and peers.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As in the wider literature, the majority of research in this Special Section focuses on the microsystemic structure of the family. Distinguishing among family relationships, Rum, Zachor, and Dromi (2021) examine prosociality between siblings, while Samper, Llorca, Malonda, and Mestre (2021) focus on the role of parents, and Bradshaw, Creaven, and Muldoon (2021) investigate the influence of incarcerated primary caregivers. Davis et al (2021) take a holistic approach through measuring family cohesion among Latino families in the U.S.…”

Section: Specific Contributions Of the Special Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Observational data (Rum et al, 2021), experimental tasks (Shamoa-Nir et al, 2021), selfreport (Bradshaw et al, 2020;Davis et al, 2021;Samper et al, 2021;Shamoa-Nir et al, 2021), and multi-informant (Shi et al, 2021) surveys were used. Three papers are longitudinal studies (Bradshaw et al, 2021;Davis et al, 2021;Shi et al, 2021) spanning 3-12 years. Longitudinal designs are especially useful since they enable researchers to test the direction of effects and assess withinperson change in risk or protective variables.…”

Section: Specific Contributions Of the Special Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, well-designed, ecologically valid experiments (e.g., manipulating scenarios to observe and measure actual behaviors) and interventions are needed to test causality and also lend greater transferability to real-world actions. Finally, building on the Special Section's global and diverse coverage (Spain [Samper et al, 2021]; U.S. [Davis et al, 2021;Shi et al, 2021]; Israel [Rum et al, 2021;Shamoa-Nir et al, 2021]; and Ireland [Bradshaw et al, 2021]), more cross-cultural research that extends beyond WEIRD-populations (Henrich et al, 2010) are needed.…”

Section: Beyond the Special Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Introduction to the Special Section: Prosocial development in risky and vulnerable contexts

Taylor

Carlo

2021

International Journal of Behavioral Development

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The introduction highlights a developmental perspective on children’s and youth prosocial behavior in risky and vulnerable contexts. The six empirical papers published in this Special Section are considered within a multilevel, multidimensional framework and reflect a diversity of methodological approaches. The studies each provide foundational work that informs theory, builds our knowledge base, and has important intervention implications. We highlight the contributions of each study and present recommendations for future developmental research on prosocial behaviors.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Specific Contributions Of the Special Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Specific Contributions Of the Special Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Beyond the Special Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Introduction to the Special Section: Prosocial development in risky and vulnerable contexts

Taylor

Carlo

2021

International Journal of Behavioral Development

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“…[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][15][16][17] The children of imprisoned parents are also next of kin, and they are shown to have a two times greater risk of health problems and difficulties in their environment, academics, and behavioral problems in addition to social stigma. 13,61,62 All professionals should identify at-risk children, including those who are next of kin, and ensure that they are adequately followed up, either within…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Children as Next of Kin in Higher Education: An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Study Among Health, Social Care, and Teacher Education Programs

Almendingen¹,

Bergem²,

Sparboe-Nilsen³

et al. 2021

JMDH

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Introduction:Children who are "next of kin" (ie, sick/dying/addicted/imprisoned close relatives) are at increased risk for health consequences. Health professionals in Norway are required by law to help such children, and professional educations should focus on this issue. Aim: To assess the extent to which students attending health, social care, and teacher education felt their uni-professional education and a mandatory interprofessional learning (IPL) course had taught them about children as next of kin. To explore variations in student responses according to age and educational background. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Students (n = 2811) completed questionnaires relating to IPL courses delivered in 2019 and 2020 (hybrid case-based learning). Students discussed issues relating to interprofessional collaboration targeting children, young people and their families in small IPL groups. Findings: The response rates ranged from 25.8% to 36.0%. All but 5.2% of the students agreed that it was important to learn about children as next of kin. Although 61.9% reported that their education had not taught about such children, 73.8% had gained increased insight from the IPL course (difference 35.7% 95% CI (29.0; 42.0), p < 0.001). The teacher and child welfare students had gained greater insight than the health and social care students. Significant pre-to post-course increases were found among the physiotherapy (p < 0.001), Mensendieck physiotherapy (p < 0.001), teacher education (p < 0.001), early childhood education (p < 0.001), and teacher education in art and design (p = 0.042) students. Conclusion: Nearly 2/3 reported that they had not been taught about children as next of kin at their own educations, but more than 2/3 had gained greater insight from the IPL course. The health and social care students reported the least gain. Although the law has existed for a decade, the topic of children as next of kin is still omitted from most educational programs.

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‘Sins of their fathers’: Social groups parental incarceration and positive psychological outcomes across time in the US and UK

Bradshaw,

Bornica,

Griffin

et al. 2024

Community & Applied Soc Psy

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Paternal incarceration (PI) is recognised as a severely stigmatising event that undermines social connections leaving affected children isolated and vulnerable. However, few studies have explored social group membership as a potential mediator of positive outcomes. This paper analysed data from two national contexts, Scotland and the United States, to examine the potential for social group membership in childhood to mediate the association between PI and child behavioural and emotional outcomes. Study 1 reported on cross‐sectional data from the Growing Up in Scotland dataset of children aged 12 years. Study 2 used longitudinal data from the Fragile Families cohort study (USA) of children aged 9 years and then 15 years. Children and parents completed measures of PI, children's group membership, as well as positive functioning. In Study 1, a mediated indirect effect of PI on prosocial behaviour via children's group membership was observed. In Study 2, children's reported social group membership mediated the effect of PI on positive adolescent functioning longitudinally. Whilst experiences of PI at age 9 were linked with lower group membership at age 15, group membership was associated with higher levels of positive adolescent functioning. This has implications for the support families receive when a parent is incarcerated to avoid children serving sentences for ‘the sins of their fathers’.

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Parental incarceration affects children’s emotional and behavioral outcomes: A longitudinal cohort study of children aged 9 to 13 years

Cited by 9 publications

References 25 publications

Introduction to the Special Section: Prosocial development in risky and vulnerable contexts

Introduction to the Special Section: Prosocial development in risky and vulnerable contexts

Children as Next of Kin in Higher Education: An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Study Among Health, Social Care, and Teacher Education Programs

‘Sins of their fathers’: Social groups parental incarceration and positive psychological outcomes across time in the US and UK

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