Parental relatedness and major histocompatibility effects on early embryo survivorship in Atlantic salmon

Turner, Sara M.; Chaves‐Campos, Johel; DeWoody, J. Andrew

doi:10.1007/s10709-009-9354-2

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Such a significant genetic effect is equivalent to a 'good-gene' effect on embryo survival that is supported by other studies on salmonids (Vøllestad & Lillehammer 2000;Wedekind et al 2001Wedekind et al , 2007Wedekind et al , 2008aPitcher & Neff 2006Jacob et al 2007;von Siebenthal et al 2009;Evans et al 2010). However, others have not found any significant 'good-gene' effects (Turner et al 2009). The difference we observed between benign and stressful environments (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Effects of different mating scenarios on embryo viability in brown trout

et al. 2010

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Mating with attractive or dominant males is often predicted to offer indirect genetic benefits to females, but it is still largely unclear how important such non-random mating can be with regard to embryo viability. We sampled a natural population of adult migratory brown trout (Salmo trutta), bred them in vitro in a half-sib breeding design to separate genetic from maternal environmental effects, raised 2098 embryos singly until hatching, and exposed them experimentally to different levels of pathogen stress at a late embryonic stage. We found that the embryos' tolerance to the induced pathogen stress was linked to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) of their parents, i.e. certain MHC genotypes appeared to provide better protection against infection than others. We also found significant additive genetic variance for stress tolerance. Melanin-based dark skin patterns revealed males with 'good genes', i.e. embryos fathered by dark coloured males had a high tolerance to infection. Mating with large and dominant males would, however, not improve embryo viability when compared to random mating. We used simulations to provide estimates of how mate choice based on MHC or melanin-based skin patterns would influence embryos' tolerance to the experimentally induced pathogen stress.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Effects of different mating scenarios on embryo viability in brown trout

et al. 2010

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“…Kincaid (1976) found that inbreeding (mating fullsibs) in rainbow trout resulted in crippled young and decreased survival compared to mating of outbred half-sibs. Alternatively, Turner et al (2009) found no relationship with genome wide relatedness and survivability in Atlantic salmon. In this study, fish were mated randomly and survival was compared to parental relatedness, rather than categorically comparing survival of offspring between pairs of mates that were related and those that were unrelated.…”

Section: (G) Relatednessmentioning

confidence: 92%

Advancing mate choice studies in salmonids

Auld

Noakes

Banks

2019

Rev Fish Biol Fisheries

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Mate choice in most organisms is not random, but determined by a suite of interacting traits and environmental factors. While the selective pressures underlying differences in mate choice between species, populations, individuals and even within individuals has been gaining interest, there still remains unexplained variation in mate preferences especially in non-model systems. Despite being of social, environmental and economic importance there is comparatively little known about how salmonids and other tetraploids make mate choice decisions in the wild and the resultant reproductive success (i.e. the number of offspring which survive to sexual maturity). Resolving questions related to salmonid mate choice is of particular importance given that humans have been supplementing salmon populations through aquaculture for decades. Despite these efforts, hatchery produced fish have lower reproductive success relative to their wild counterparts and salmon populations are declining. Most studies on mate choice and reproductive success in salmonids focus on body size and major histocompatibility complex based choice. However, mate choice can also be affected by other factors including other genetic factors, predation risk and social environment. Here, we (a) synthesize what is presently known about mate choice and reproductive success in salmonids, (b) identify gaps in knowledge and areas where there is a lack of consensus in results, and (c) suggest interdisciplinary ways of advancing our understanding of mate choice in salmonids and other polyploids.

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“…Hatchery practices can produce life-history shifts in fitness that affect fry survival ), growth rate (Knudsen et al 2006(Knudsen et al , 2008, juvenile behavior ), adult run-timing Dickerson et al 2005), and mating behavior Gross 1992, 1993;Berejikian et al 1997;Turner et al 2009). When these altered hatchery fish interact with wild fish several ecological and genetic mechanisms can lead to declines in wild fish abundance, or to reduced adaptive potential.…”

Section: Effects Of Hatchery Culture On Fitnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the adaptive consequences of hatchery-wild interactions in Alaska salmon

Grant

2011

Environ Biol Fish

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About 31% of salmon harvested in Alaska comes from the hatchery production of hundreds of millions of pink and chum salmon and smaller numbers of sockeye, Chinook, and coho salmon. The numbers of hatchery-reared juveniles released in some areas are greater than the numbers of juveniles from wild populations. However, virtually nothing is known about the effects of hatchery fish on wild populations in Alaska. Possible effects of these interactions can be inferred from studies of salmonids in other areas, from studies of other animals, and from theory. Numerous studies show a complex relationship between the genetic architecture of a population and its environment. Adaptive responses to nature and anthropogenic selection can be influenced by variation at a single gene, or more often, by the additive effects of several genes. Studies of salmonids in other areas show that hatchery practices can lead to the loss of genetic diversity, to shifts in adult run timing and earlier maturity, to increases in parasite load, to increases in straying, to altered levels of boldness and dominance, to shifts in juvenile out-migration timing, and to changes in growth. Controlled experiments across generations show, and theory predicts, that the loss of adaptive fitness in hatchery salmon, relative to fitness in wild salmon, can occur on a remarkably short time scale. All of these changes can influence survival and impose selective regimes that influence genetically based adaptive traits. The preservation of adaptive potential in wild populations is an important buffer against diseases and climate variability and, hence, should be considered in planning hatchery production levels and release locations. The protection of wild populations is the foundation for achieving sustained harvests of salmon in Alaska.

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Parental relatedness and major histocompatibility effects on early embryo survivorship in Atlantic salmon

Cited by 9 publications

References 66 publications

Effects of different mating scenarios on embryo viability in brown trout

Effects of different mating scenarios on embryo viability in brown trout

Advancing mate choice studies in salmonids

Understanding the adaptive consequences of hatchery-wild interactions in Alaska salmon

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