Parental trajectories of PTSD and child adjustment: Findings from the Building a New Life in Australia study.

Reid, K.; Berle, David

doi:10.1037/ort0000434

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…One's family dynamic is another factor that can confer risk or act as a buffer for psychopathology (Fazel, 2019). For example, among refugees resettled in Denmark and Australia, exposure to parental posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was shown to increase the risk of psychopathology in children (Nielsen et al., 2019; Reid & Berle, 2019). It is important to note, however, that most research investigating the psychological effects of displacement‐related stressors has been conducted in samples of resettled refugees.…”

Section: External Factors Impacting Refugee Mental Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Interaction Model of Environmental and Psychological Factors Influencing Refugee Mental Health

Kashyap

Keegan²,

Liddell

et al. 2020

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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In this paper, we draw on empirical research and theoretical models of refugee and posttrauma mental health to propose the “Psychological Interaction with Environment (PIE) Matrix Model” of refugee mental health. This model focuses on the mental health of adult refugees and proposes that psychological factors and the external environment interact to influence mental health outcomes and functioning for individuals with refugee backgrounds. Environmental factors include adversity faced before, during, and after the migration journey, including adversity faced in a resettlement or postdisplacement environment. Psychological factors refer to psychological (i.e., cognitive and emotional) mechanisms that individuals may use to cope with adversity. We posit that individuals from refugee backgrounds are likely to show individual differences in psychological processes that may protect against or underpin the development and maintenance of psychopathology following exposure to trauma and displacement. The PIE Matrix Model proposes a framework to guide intervention by identifying key pathways by which psychological and environmental factors impact one another. We suggest that psychological interventions can be targeted according to the kind and level of support different individuals may require, based on individualized and context‐driven assessments of the interaction between environmental and psychological factors at any given point in time. This model draws on existing models of refugee adaptation and highlights the need for longitudinal and experimental research to explain the interaction between these factors and their causal impact on refugee mental health.

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Section: External Factors Impacting Refugee Mental Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Interaction Model of Environmental and Psychological Factors Influencing Refugee Mental Health

Kashyap

Keegan²,

Liddell

et al. 2020

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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show abstract

“…Psychosocial adjustment identifies connections and social support of refugees within the resettlement community. Moreover, 35 articles explored this specific domain of the social dimension of adjustment [ 28 , 36 , 41 , 53 , 55 , 57 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defining Adjustment to Address the Missing Link between Refugees and Their Resettlement Communities

Modesti

Talamo

2021

IJERPH

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Background: data from the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) show that, in 2020, among 82.4 million refugees, only 251,000 returned to their home countries, indicating the desire for refugees to stay, for the long-term, in their new homelands. The paper contributes to the scientific–psychological debate on the social representation of refugee populations, by studying this population, not simply as “foreigners”, traumatized and resourceless people, but rather focusing on the factors that lead to their positive adjustments within local communities. Method: a scoping review was carried out to explore the phenomenon of adjustment (RQ1) and to identify the factors that foster adjustment among refugees and their resettlement communities (RQ2). A research protocol and eligibility criteria were defined prior to conducting the literature research through the Scopus database. Afterwards, data charting and items were conducted to organize the results. Results: a process of data mapping outlined three dimensions of adjustment—psychological, social, and scholastic. In addition, six macro factors emerged that ease refugee adjustments—context characteristics, time, social integration markers, acculturation, social support, and psychological capital. Results show that adjustment is the result of the inter-relations among sociological and psychological factors. Conclusions: the lack of studies addressing the inner resources of refugees and community participation confirms that research in this field needs a change of paradigm, to identify the resources that refugees use to adjust to their new communities and promote their development.

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“…These involve children and adolescents who have not been detained and include (i) the Western Australian longitudinal study (involving 204 and 143 patients aged 2 to 16 years) over 2014 to 2016 with 6-month follow-up with SDQ and R-ACE; (ii) an adolescent study from Melbourne, Australia, which assessed the predictors of self-reported health and happiness among 120 refugees over their first 8 years of resettlement (2004 to 2013)23 43 and (iii) the Australian Government Building a New Life in Australia involving 2399 recently-arrived refugees (including 135 adolescents aged 15 to 17 years) from their early months in Australia to their eligibility for citizenship 44. The latter study demonstrated that 3 years post-arrival, the presence of either one or both parents with persistently high PTSD symptoms was associated with children having greater emotional difficulties and poorer overall psychosocial adjustment (using the SDQ) 44 45. Parental well-being is therefore measured in our study.…”

Section: Methodological Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asylum seeking children and adolescents in Australian immigration detention on Nauru: a longitudinal cohort study

Zwi

Sealy

Samir

et al. 2020

bmjpo

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IntroductionImmigration detention has a profound and negative impact on the physical health, mental health, development and social-emotional well-being of children, adolescents and their families. Australian clinicians will report results from detailed health and well-being assessments of asylum seeking children and adolescents who have experienced prolonged immigration detention.Methods and analysisThis is a national, multicentre study with a longitudinal cohort design that will document health and well-being outcomes of the children and adolescents who have been detained in offshore detention on the remote island of Nauru. Outcome measures will be reported from the time arrival in Australia and repeated over a 5-year follow-up period. Measures include demographics, residency history and refugee status, physical health and well-being outcomes (including mental health, development and social-emotional well-being), clinical service utilisation and psychosocial risk and protective factors for health and well-being (eg, adverse childhood experiences). Longitudinal follow-up will capture outcomes over a 5-year period after arrival in Australia. Analysis will be undertaken to explore baseline risk and protective factors, with regression analyses to assess their impact on health and well-being outcomes. To understand how children’s outcomes change over time, multilevel regression analysis will be utilised. Structural equation modelling will be conducted to explore the correlation between baseline factors, mediational factors and outcomes to assess trajectories over time.Ethics and disseminationThis research project was approved by the Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network Human Research Ethics Committee. Subsequent site-specific approvals have been approved in 5 of the 11 governing bodies where the clinical consultations took place. In order to ensure this research is relevant and sensitive to the needs of the cohort, our research team includes an asylum seeker who has spent time in Australian immigration detention. Results will be presented at conferences and published in peer-reviewed Medline-indexed journals.

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Parental trajectories of PTSD and child adjustment: Findings from the Building a New Life in Australia study.

Cited by 13 publications

References 36 publications

An Interaction Model of Environmental and Psychological Factors Influencing Refugee Mental Health

An Interaction Model of Environmental and Psychological Factors Influencing Refugee Mental Health

Defining Adjustment to Address the Missing Link between Refugees and Their Resettlement Communities

Asylum seeking children and adolescents in Australian immigration detention on Nauru: a longitudinal cohort study

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