Parenting programme for parents of children at risk of developing conduct disorder: cost effectiveness analysis

Edwards, Rhiannon Tudor; Céilleachair, Alan Ó; Bywater, Tracey; Hughes, Dyfrig; Hutchings, Judy

doi:10.1136/bmj.39126.699421.55

Cited by 156 publications

(193 citation statements)

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“…Es decir, los resultados parecen indicar que los estilos parentales, con la salvedad del estilo autoritario respecto a la agresividad verbal, no estarían influyendo en la conducta externalizada de los adolescentes con TCE. Esta aparente contradicción podría deberse al hecho de que el GC está constituido por adolescentes que ya están recibiendo tratamiento con terapias familiares y psicofarmacológicas, lo que estaría modulando la influencia de una socialización familiar adversa (Edwards, Céilleachair, Bywater, Hughes & Hutchings, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Actitudes hacia la violencia, impulsividad, estilos parentales y conducta externalizada en adolescentes: comparación entre una muestra de población general y una muestra clínica.

et al. 2015

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Resumen: Los Trastornos de Conducta Externalizantes (TCE) constituyen uno de los problemas de salud mental más comunes entre los adolescentes, y repercuten gravemente en el ámbito familiar, escolar y social. La finalidad de este estudio fue comparar adolescentes de población general sin diagnóstico de TCE con adolescentes de una muestra clínica en una serie de variables identificadas como predictoras de la de la conducta externalizada. El estudio incluyó a adolescentes con edades comprendidas entre 12-15 años de la Región de Murcia. Se empleó un diseño selectivo descriptivo y analíti-co, así como comparativo transversal en una muestra de 327 adolescentes, que se distribuyeron de la siguiente manera: (a) Grupo Clínico (GC), integrado por 59 participantes, y (b) Grupo General (GG), formado por 268 adolescentes. Los resultados de este estudio indican que la conducta externalizada está relacionada principalmente con la impulsividad, aunque modulada por factores relacionados con la socialización familiar y cultural del adolescente. Asimismo, los adolescentes de la muestra clínica describen los estilos parentales que reciben como más autoritarios y menos inductivos que los adolescentes de población general. Palabras clave: Trastornos de conducta; externalización; impulsividad; estilos parentales; actitudes.Title: Attitudes towards violence, impulsivity, parenting styles and externalized behavior in adolescents: comparison between a general and a clinical samples. Abstract: Externalizing Behavior Disorders are one of the most common mental health problems among adolescents, and they have a severe impact on family, school, and social settings. The purpose of this study was to compare adolescents from the general population without an externalizing behavior diagnosis with adolescents from a clinical sample in a series of variables identified as predictors of externalizing behavior. The study included adolescents aged between 12-15 years from the Region of Murcia. A cross-sectional, descriptive, analytical design was used with a sample of 327 adolescents, who were distributed as follows: (a) Clinical Group, made up of 59 participants, and (b) General Group, made up of 268 adolescents. The results of this study indicate that externalizing behavior is mainly related to Impulsivity, although modulated by factors related to the adolescent's family and cultural socialization. The adolescents of the clinical sample described the parental styles they received as more authoritarian and less inductive than those of the adolescents from the general population.

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Actitudes hacia la violencia, impulsividad, estilos parentales y conducta externalizada en adolescentes: comparación entre una muestra de población general y una muestra clínica.

et al. 2015

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“…4 Micro-costing methodology was applied when costing the intervention (Curtis & Netton, 2004;Drummond et al, 2005;Edwards et al, 2007). 5 4 Discounting helps to 'make fair' comparisons of programmes whose costs and outcomes occur at different times.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effectiveness and Micro-costing Analysis of a Universal, School-Based, Social–Emotional Learning Programme in the UK: A Cluster-Randomised Controlled Trial

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Blower

et al. 2015

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There are a growing number of school-based interventions designed to promote children's social and emotional learning. One such intervention, PATHS (Promoting Alternative Thinking Strategies), was evaluated in a randomised controlled trial involving 5,074 pupils aged 4-6 years at baseline in 56 primary schools across a large city in the UK. The programme was implemented for two academic years. The primary outcome measure was the teacher-rated Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). A secondary measure was the PATHS Teacher Rating Scale (PTRS). Observations of child and teacher behaviours were undertaken in a third of intervention and control schools using the Teacher-Pupil Observation Tool (T-POT). Regarding fidelity, dose and adherence were measured via weekly logs completed by teachers, and a semi-structured questionnaire completed by PATHS coaches was used as a global measure of fidelity (capturing adherence, dose and quality). A cost-consequence analysis examined programme costs from a multi-agency public sector perspective. At one year post-baseline there were no statistically significant differences between the programme and control groups on the SDQ subscales or the SDQ total difficulties and impact scores. There were statistically significant differences favouring the programme group for six out of 11 sub-scales on the secondary outcome measure (PTRS). At two years post-baseline, there were no statistically significant differences between the groups on either measure. Fidelity, according to the global measure, was relatively strong, and there was no relationship between fidelity and treatment effects. The average cost of PATHS was £12,666 per school or £139 per child. The study, which was fully powered and independent of the programme developer, shows no statistically significant effect of the programme on child behaviour or emotional well-being.3

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“…A detailed microcosting exercise was carried out by Edwards et al in evaluating a parenting programme, 118 and one output of this exercise was a step-by-step guide to the microcosting of a complex intervention aimed at the general population. 119 A standardised approach to such an intervention may not always be possible and there may be numerous drawbacks and pitfalls, but the general principles advocated are worth consideration.…”

Section: Guidance On Costingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventing domestic abuse for children and young people (PEACH): a mixed knowledge scoping review

et al. 2015

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BackgroundA range of interventions that aim to prevent domestic abuse has been developed for children and young people in the general population. While these have been widely implemented, few have been rigorously evaluated. This study aimed to discover what was known about these interventions for children and what worked for whom in which settings.Review methodsThis mixed knowledge review was informed by realist principles and comprised four overlapping phases: an online mapping survey to identify current provision; a systematic review of the existing literature; a review of the UK ‘grey’ literature; and consultation with young people and experts. Information from these four sources of evidence informed analysis of costs and benefits.ResultsThe evidence for interventions achieving changes in knowledge and attitudes was stronger than that for behavioural change. Shifting social norms in the peer group emerged as a key mechanism of change. Media campaigns act to influence the wider social climate within which more targeted interventions are received, and they are also a source for programme materials. While most interventions are delivered in secondary schools, they are increasingly targeted at younger children. The review emphasised the importance of a school’s ‘readiness’ to introduce preventative interventions which need to be supported across all aspects of school life. Involving young people in the design and delivery of programmes increases authenticity and this emerged as a key ingredient in achieving impact. Longer interventions delivered by appropriately trained staff appeared likely to be more effective. Teachers emerged as well placed to embed interventions in schools but they require training and support from those with specialist knowledge in domestic abuse. There was evidence that small groups of students who were at higher risk might have accounted for some results regarding effectiveness and that programme effectiveness may vary for certain subgroups. Increasingly, boys are being identified as a target for change. The study identified a need for interventions for disabled children and children and young people from black, Asian, minority ethnic and refugee groups and a particular lack of materials designed for lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender young people.LimitationsVery little evidence was identified on costs and cost-effectiveness. Few studies showed an effect at the level of significance set for the review. Where it did exist, the effect size was small, except in respect of improved knowledge. The inability to calculate a response rate for the mapping survey, which used a snowballing approach, limits the ability to generalise from it.ConclusionsWhile it is appropriate to continue to deliver interventions to whole populations of children and young people, effectiveness appeared to be influenced by high-risk children and young people, who should be directed to additional support. Programmes also need to make provision to manage any resulting disclosures. Interventions appear to be context specific, and so those already being widely delivered in the UK and which are likely to be acceptable should be robustly tested.FundingThe National Institute for Health Research Public Health Research programme.

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Parenting programme for parents of children at risk of developing conduct disorder: cost effectiveness analysis

Cited by 156 publications

References 16 publications

Actitudes hacia la violencia, impulsividad, estilos parentales y conducta externalizada en adolescentes: comparación entre una muestra de población general y una muestra clínica.

Actitudes hacia la violencia, impulsividad, estilos parentales y conducta externalizada en adolescentes: comparación entre una muestra de población general y una muestra clínica.

The Effectiveness and Micro-costing Analysis of a Universal, School-Based, Social–Emotional Learning Programme in the UK: A Cluster-Randomised Controlled Trial

Preventing domestic abuse for children and young people (PEACH): a mixed knowledge scoping review

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