Parenting Skills, Family Functioning and Social Support in Situations of Child-to-Parent Violence: a Scoping Review of the Literature

Abstract

The aim of this study was to carry out a scoping review to analyze the available evidence regarding parenting skills, family functioning and social support in situations of CPV. When violent behavior occurs, roles, communication and emotional expression are affected, impacting both parenting skills and family functioning. The confluence of these variables could explain the perpetuation of violent behavior over time. The scoping review encompassed peer-reviewed articles published in English and Spanish from 2000 to 2019, located through searches carried out in relevant international databases (Web of Science, PsycINFO, Scopus, ERIC, Dialnet Plus). 22 relevant studies were identified. The collected data showed that, in situations of CPV, parents have low levels of perceived self-efficacy and difficulties regulating their emotions, and they display submissive behavior in parent–child interactions. The analyzed articles also described the presence of a negative family climate and a tendency to relativize violent acts perpetrated by children. Lastly, the evidence shows that social relations are altered by mistrust of formal support resources and a certain level of social isolation. The discussion of the obtained results highlights the need for interventions aimed at fostering parenting skills and improving formal support resources to enhance family functioning in situations of CPV.

Protocolo de investigación del proyecto “Violencia filioparental en la adolescencia: detección, perfiles psicosociales y estrategias de actuación”

“…Los chicos y las chicas ganan en independencia y autonomía respecto a sus figuras parentales, pero en ningún caso este reajuste debe conllevar la dejación de las funciones parentales. Se ha demostrado la relación existente entre VFP y bajo control, escaso afecto y baja comunicación parental, sin quedar claro si son precursores o consecuentes de la VFP (Arias-Rivera et al, 2021). También, la presencia de una disciplina coercitiva y autoritaria explica la VFP en muchos casos (Ibabe y Bentler, 2016).…”

“…El estudio de la parentalidad en las situaciones de VFP ha acaparado mucho interés en investigaciones previas, pero no desde una perspectiva competencial (Arias-Rivera et al, 2021). De acuerdo con Hidalgo et al (2020), se propone el estudio de la parentalidad atendiendo a las competencias parentales.…”

‘He’s out of control, I’m out of control, it’s just – I’ve got to do something’: a narrative inquiry of child to parent violence

“…Simmons et al, 2018 ). Parenting has been a focus in considering enablers of CPV (Arias-Rivera et al, 2021 ) as well as exposure to family violence (Gallego et al, 2019 ). Identified impacts of CPV on parents include stress (Cottrell & Monk, 2004 ), isolation (Jackson, 2003 ), and negatively impacting peer and family relationships (Holt, 2016a , 2016 b ).…”

Emotional Loneliness, Suicidal Ideation, and Alexithymia in Adolescents Who Commit Child-to-Parent Violence

“…Furthermore, Calvete and Orue (2016), in their study with 1,274 adolescents aged between 14 and 18 years, obtained percentages around 9% for both types of violence. On the other hand, as for economic CPV, the little information available indicates prevalence percentages ranging between 29% and 60% for property damage, and 15.8% in the case of theft (Arias-Rivera & Hidalgo, 2020).…”