Parenting Stress of Low-Income Parents of Toddlers and Preschoolers: Psychometric Properties of a Short Form of the Parenting Stress Index

Whiteside-Mansell, Leanne; Ayoub, Catherine; McKelvey, Lorraine; Faldowski, Richard A.; Hart, Andrea D.; Shears, Jeffery

doi:10.1207/s15327922par0701_2

Cited by 34 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Furthermore, mothers' reports of psychological symptomology, parenting stress, and frequencies of child behavior problems were within a standard deviation of the normative range for these measures which suggests that mothers in the Head Start sample were representative in self-reported parenting stress, psychological symptomology, and ratings of their children's behavior. Additionally, the Parental Distress and Parent-Child Dysfunctional Interaction subscales have been extensively examined with parents of children attending Early Head Start and were found to be both reliable and valid (Whiteside-Mansell et al, 2007). These findings support the use of the PSI-SF with populations including low-income, racially diverse parents.…”

Section: Parenting Stress Index-short Formsupporting

confidence: 55%

An Initial Investigation of Parenting Stress, Social-Emotional Protective Factors, and Behavior Concerns within a Head Start Population

Bender¹,

Carlson²

2013

JEDP

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This study examines associations between parenting stress, protective factors, and behavior concerns in an at-risk preschool population. Participants included 77 parents of children enrolled in Head Start programs in the Midwest, which served predominantly low-income, diverse parent and child populations. Parents completed a parenting stress questionnaire and a questionnaire that assessed for children's protective factors and behavior concerns. Associations were found between elevated protective factors and low parenting stress, as well as between elevated behavior concerns and elevated parenting stress. Parents of children exhibiting more protective factors had significantly less parenting stress, compared to parents of children exhibiting more behavior concerns. Additionally, parents with non-clinical levels of parenting stress had children that exhibited significantly more protective factors and less behavior concerns compared to children of parents with clinically significant levels of parenting stress. This is the first study to demonstrate that low levels of parenting stress are associated with more protective factors in an at-risk preschool population. Future research needs to explore the predictive nature parenting stress and protective factors have on one another, given the bi-directionality of parent-child interactions.

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Section: Parenting Stress Index-short Formsupporting

confidence: 55%

An Initial Investigation of Parenting Stress, Social-Emotional Protective Factors, and Behavior Concerns within a Head Start Population

Bender¹,

Carlson²

2013

JEDP

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“…En cuanto a la contribución del trabajo materno para el estrés parental, se encontró que las participantes desempleadas relataron sufrir más estrés parental que las que trabajaban. Estos resultados fueron observados en otras investigaciones (Pérez et al, 2010;Whiteside-Mansell et al, 2007). El trabajo materno puede tener beneficios para los niños de familias de clase social baja, a través de sus efectos positivos en la parentalidad (Zaslow & Emig, 1997).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Crnic y Greenherg (1990) observaron que el estrés se hallaba asociado a la insatisfacción parental y a una baja satisfacción con la vida y Whiteside-Mansell y colaboradores (2007) encontraron asociaciones positivas entre el estrés parental y la depresión. En lo que respecta a su influencia en las actitudes parentales y las interacciones paterno-filiales, el estrés parental se asoció positivamente a una mayor frecuencia de castigos abusivos y a una menor responsividad emocional de las madres con sus hijos (Martorell & Bugental, 2006;Whiteside-Mansell et al, 2007). Los padres que experimentan estrés estimulan menos a sus hijos a través de interacciones sociales (DeaterDeckard, 1998) y es más probable que estos tengan un apego inseguro (Jarvis & Creasey, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Predictores del estrés parental en madres de familias en riesgo psicosocial

2014

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r e s u m e N En este estudio se han analizado las relaciones entre el estrés parental, las competencias parentales percibidas y la contribución de factores sociodemográficos y psicológicos para la explicación del estrés parental. Participaron 80 madres portuguesas usuarias de servicios de protección a menores en riesgo. Los resultados mostraron niveles muy elevados de estrés parental -especialmente en madres con hijos adolescentes y desempleadas-y relaciones significativas entre el estrés y las competencias percibidas como madre. La satisfacción con el rol maternal y el empleo fueron los factores más robustos a la hora de explicar el estrés parental, prediciendo un 37% de la varianza. Palabras claveEstrés parental, competencia parental percibida, familias en riesgo psicosocial, parentalidad. a b s t r a C tIn this study we analyzed the associations between parenting stress, parental sense of competence and the contribution of socio-demographical and psychological factors to the explanation of parenting stress. Participants were 80 Portuguese mothers, recipients of the child protection services. Results showed high levels of parenting stress, especially in unemployed mothers with adolescent children, and significant associations between parenting stress and perceived parental competences. Maternal role satisfaction and employment were the most robust factors on the explanation of parenting stress, predicting 37% of the variance.

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“…Maternal parenting stress was assessed using the PSI/SF. The PSI/SF gauges the level of parental distress related to the experience of parenting, and is a 36-item subset of the full parenting stress index generated through exploratory factor analysis and separately validated in diverse samples (Abidin, 1995;Reitman et al, 2002;Whiteside-Mansell et al, 2007). Items are rated on a 5-point scale, either 1 (strongly disagree) through 5 (strongly agree), or item specific.…”

Section: Mother Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Culture and the socialization of child cardiovascular regulation at school entry in the US

DeCaro

Worthman

2008

American J Hum Biol

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The measurement of cardiovascular functioning targets an important bridge between social conditions and differential well-being. Nevertheless, the biocultural, psychosocial processes that link human ecology to cardiovascular function in children remain inadequately characterized. Childrearing practices shaped by parents' cultural beliefs should moderate children's affective responses to daily experience, and hence their psychophysiology. The present study concerns interactions among family ecology, the normative social challenge of entry into kindergarten, and parasympathetic (vagal) cardiac regulation in US middle-class children (N = 30). Although parents believed children must be protected from overscheduling to reduce stress and improve socio-emotional adaptation, maternal rather than child schedules predicted parasympathetic regulation during a nonthreatening social engagement task following school entry. Children of busier married mothers, but less busy single mothers, showed the context-appropriate pattern of parasympathetic regulation, low respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA). These findings are expected if: maternal and family functioning, rather than the scheduling of the child's daily life, principally drive young children's cardiovascular responsiveness to a normative challenge; and busy schedules represent high family functioning with married mothers, but not under single-parent conditions wherein adult staffing is uniquely constrained. Family ecology is shaped by culture, and in turn shapes the development of children's cardiovascular responses. Appropriately fine-grained analysis of daily experience can illustrate how culturally driven parenting practices may have unintended consequences for child biological outcomes that vary by family structure.

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Parenting Stress of Low-Income Parents of Toddlers and Preschoolers: Psychometric Properties of a Short Form of the Parenting Stress Index

Cited by 34 publications

References 30 publications

An Initial Investigation of Parenting Stress, Social-Emotional Protective Factors, and Behavior Concerns within a Head Start Population

An Initial Investigation of Parenting Stress, Social-Emotional Protective Factors, and Behavior Concerns within a Head Start Population

Predictores del estrés parental en madres de familias en riesgo psicosocial

Culture and the socialization of child cardiovascular regulation at school entry in the US

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