Parenting styles and its relations with personal and social adjustment beyond adolescence: Is the current evidence enough?

Gimenez-Serrano, Sofia; García, Fernando; Garcia, Oswaldo

doi:10.1080/17405629.2021.1952863

Cited by 47 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…In the current study we examined risk and protective factors predicting harsh parenting among mothers with children aged 1-10 years during the COVID-19 lockdown in China, Italy, and the Netherlands. Examining harsh parenting during the lockdown is important because expressions of violence in a family context has negative effects on children's development and psychosocial adjustment (45,46). Our study extends a previous study in which we examined maternal mental health during the lockdown, but did not examine harsh parenting (31).…”

Section: Aims and Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 55%

Predictive Models of Maternal Harsh Parenting During COVID-19 in China, Italy, and Netherlands

et al. 2021

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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic drastically impacted on family life and may have caused parental distress, which in turn may result in an overreliance on less effective parenting practices.Objective: The aim of the current study was to identify risk and protective factors associated with impaired parenting during the COVID-19 lockdown. Key factors predicting maternal harsh discipline were examined in China, Italy, and the Netherlands, using a cross-validation approach, with a particular focus on the role of allomaternal support from father and grandparents as a protective factor in predicting maternal harshness.Methods: The sample consisted of 900 Dutch, 641 Italian, and 922 Chinese mothers (age M = 36.74, SD = 5.58) who completed an online questionnaire during the lockdown.Results: Although marital conflict and psychopathology were shared risk factors predicting maternal harsh parenting in each of the three countries, cross-validation identified a unique risk factor model for each country. In the Netherlands and China, but not in Italy, work-related stressors were considered risk factors. In China, support from father and grandparents for mothers with a young child were protective factors.Conclusions: Our results indicate that the constellation of factors predicting maternal harshness during COVID-19 is not identical across countries, possibly due to cultural variations in support from fathers and grandparents. This information will be valuable for the identification of at-risk families during pandemics. Our findings show that shared childrearing can buffer against risks for harsh parenting during COVID-19. Hence, adopting approaches to build a pandemic-proof community of care may help at-risk parents during future pandemics.

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Section: Aims and Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 55%

Predictive Models of Maternal Harsh Parenting During COVID-19 in China, Italy, and Netherlands

et al. 2021

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“…The development of the series and its complementary website were strengthened by involving diverse stakeholders in the design process, including tribal representatives, adolescent health educators, researchers, and federal agencies. Findings from this study highlight the preliminary positive impact of the program in fostering parental warmth, which has been attributed to youth well-being in the literature [44]. Such effective parent-child communication strategies could help increase adolescent disclosures about their sexual activity when discussing sexual health topics with their parents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Assessment of the Reach, Usability, and Perceived Impact of “Talking Is Power”: A Parental Sexual Health Text-Messaging Service and Web-Based Resource to Empower Sensitive Conversations with American Indian and Alaska Native Teens

Sacca

Rushing

Markham

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Background: Early sexual debut among American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) adolescents has been associated with an increased risk of teenage pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections, along with an increased risk of having multiple lifetime sexual partners, and engaging in greater frequency of sex, substance abuse, and lack of condom use. A major protective factor against early sexual debut among AI/AN youth is the familial system. Interventions aiming to improve parent–child communication and parental warmth toward adolescent sexual health topics were reported to contribute to positive youth sexual health outcomes, specifically among minority youth. Healthy Native Youth thus developed the Talking is Power text-messaging service to guide parents and caring adults on how to initiate sensitive topics with youth and how to support them in making informed decisions regarding sex and healthy relationships. Methods: Descriptive statistics were used to demonstrate website analytics and reach per views and time spent on each page, and for displaying participants’ responses to the questions on the usability of the Talking is Power text-messaging series. To assess the perceived impact of the series, the differences in mean percentage scores of the question assessing parental comfort in engaging in sexual health topics with youth between pre- and post-intervention were calculated using two-sample t-tests of equal variances. Descriptive content analysis was adopted to highlight emerging themes from open-ended items. Results: When looking at reach, 862 entrances were recorded during the specified time period (5.8% of total entrances to HNY website), while the bounce rate was set at 73.1% (22.6% greater than the industry average), and the exit rate was 54.3% (15.2% greater than the industry average). Series usability was highly ranked on the 5-Likert scale in terms of signing up for a similar series on a different topic, quality of images, texts, and links, relating to prompts, and change in sparking sensitive conversations with youth. High likelihood of recommending the series to a friend or colleague was also reported by participants (0–10). No significant difference in parental comfort levels was reported (p = 0.78 > 0.05). Main themes provided suggestions for improving the series mode of delivery, while others included positive feedback about the material, with the possibility of expanding the series to other adolescent health topics. Conclusion: Lessons learned during the design, dissemination, and evaluation of the resource’s usability, reach, and perceived impact may be of interest to other Indigenous communities who are in the process of adapting and/or implementing similar approaches.

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“…BPT improves child behavior by providing parenting skills and knowledge to parents of children, adolescents, and teenagers. BPT is based on the principle that parents are a main source of influence on their children, particularly during childhood and adolescence, but even once parent socialization is over (Gimenez-Serrano et al 2021). Parenting research has determined that factors, such as parental warmth versus strictness influence child and adolescent behavior (Garcia et al 2020;Musitu Ochoa et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meta-Analysis of Parent Training Programs Utilizing Behavior Intervention Technologies

Bunge

2021

Social Sciences

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Behavioral Parent Training (BPT) traditionally occurs in face-to-face (FTF BPT). Recently, Behavioral Intervention Technology (BIT) has been developed to deliver BPT in lieu of or as an adjunct to FTF BPT using websites, computer software, smartphone applications, podcasts, pre-recorded sessions, and teletherapy. The present meta-analysis reviews BIT BPT randomized control and comparison studies to determine the overall efficacy of BITs, if the level of human support significantly effects BIT BPT treatment outcomes, and which populations BIT BPT are effective for, by analyzing the following study variables: socioeconomic status, race, and clinical population. The analyses indicated that, overall, BIT BPT is an effective treatment (g = 0.62), and did not indicate a significant difference between levels of human support (?2 (3) = 4.94, p = 0.18). Analysis did indicate a significant difference between studies that used waitlist or education control groups, compared to studies that used active treatment controls (?2 (1) = 12.90, p = 0.00). The analyses did not indicate a significant difference between clinical population, low socioeconomic status, and racial minority studies. These findings provide preliminary evidence that BIT BPT is effective for treating child and adolescent externalizing behavior in a variety of populations.

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Parenting styles and its relations with personal and social adjustment beyond adolescence: Is the current evidence enough?

Cited by 47 publications

References 51 publications

Predictive Models of Maternal Harsh Parenting During COVID-19 in China, Italy, and Netherlands

Predictive Models of Maternal Harsh Parenting During COVID-19 in China, Italy, and Netherlands

Assessment of the Reach, Usability, and Perceived Impact of “Talking Is Power”: A Parental Sexual Health Text-Messaging Service and Web-Based Resource to Empower Sensitive Conversations with American Indian and Alaska Native Teens

Meta-Analysis of Parent Training Programs Utilizing Behavior Intervention Technologies

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