Parents’ and Guardians’ Intentions to Vaccinate Children against COVID-19

McElfish, Pearl A.; Willis, Don; Shah, Sumit K.; Reece, Sharon; Andersen, Jennifer A.; Schootman, Mario; Richard‐Davis, Gloria; Selig, James P.; Warmack, T. Scott

doi:10.3390/vaccines10030361

Cited by 17 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…It has been identified that gender and educational level have a significant impact. Indeed, females and those with a lower educational level had a higher concern of side effects of the vaccination and this reflects the general trend in access to COVID-19 vaccine disparities that has been observed in several previous studies ( 33 – 37 ). The reason by which females are more concerned may be explained by the fact that in Italy they were more affected than men although male presented a higher risk of death ( 38 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Parents' reasons to vaccinate their children aged 5–11 years against COVID-19 in Italy

et al. 2022

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ObjectivesThe aims of this cross-sectional study were to investigate why parents decide to vaccinate, as well as the determinants, their children aged 5–11 years against COVID-19 in Italy.MethodsThe survey was conducted from January through May 2022. All parents/guardians who came in randomly selected days to immunization centers for the administration of the first dose of the COVID-19 vaccine to their child were asked to complete a questionnaire about socio-demographic characteristics, attitudes toward COVID-19 infection and vaccination, reason(s) regarding their decision to vaccinate their child, and source(s) of information.ResultsA total of 358 questionnaires were collected. Parent's perception that COVID-19 is a severe illness for the child, assessed using a 10-point Likert scale, was 7.5. The overall mean scores of the risk perception for their child of having the COVID-19 before and after the vaccination were 8.1 and 6.3. A significantly higher parents' level of risk perception for their child of having the COVID-19 after the vaccination has been observed among those not having a university degree, those with the child having at least one chronic medical condition, and those who perceived that COVID-19 is a severe illness for the child. The mean value of respondent trust in the information provided by the pediatricians on a 10-point scale Likert type was 7.6. Female, not having a university degree, higher perception that COVID-19 is a severe disease, not having received information about the vaccination from pediatricians, and needing information had a significantly higher concern of side effects after the vaccination. The most common reasons for vaccinating their children included wanting to protect the child against COVID-19, to attend the school with less risk, to prevent the transmission to family members, and to practice sport and other activities with less risks. Participants with a university degree were more likely to have vaccinated their child for attending the school and practicing sport and other activities with less risks.ConclusionsMore publicity should be promoted among parents of children aged 5–11 years which would increase the coverage rates and thus lower the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and reduce the occurrence of COVID-19.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Parents' reasons to vaccinate their children aged 5–11 years against COVID-19 in Italy

et al. 2022

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“…The results of the study are also consistent with the literature concerning vaccination against COVID-19 in children, which is crucial, considering that it effectively limits the need for hospitalization [49] but even about a quarter of parents declare that they would definitely not have their children vaccinated unless their school required it [50]. It has been established that individually targeted risk-oriented communication is crucial to achieve satisfactory results, but in adults the communicates concentrate on the risk of infecting others while in the case of children it may be more effective to focus on the risk resulting from the SARS-CoV-2 infection for themselves [51].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Fear of Illness and Convenient Access to Vaccines Appear to Be the Missing Keys to Successful Vaccination Campaigns: Analysis of the Factors Influencing the Decisions of Hospital Staff in Poland concerning Vaccination against Influenza and COVID-19

Susło

Pobrotyn²,

Mierzecki

et al. 2022

Vaccines

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The COVID-19 pandemic has lasted for two years as of 2022, and it is common knowledge that vaccines are an essential tool to mitigate the health, economic, and social fallout. Unfortunately, vaccine hesitancy is still a serious global problem, both in the general population and among healthcare workers. The authors used an original questionnaire to conduct an anonymous survey study in the University Clinical Hospital in Wrocław, Poland, in April and May of 2021 after acquiring consent from the Medical University of Wrocław, Poland Bioethical Committee. The study results demonstrate that, to a significant extent, the decisions concerning vaccinations are based on factors that are difficult to change with rational argumentation, including people’s personal opinions or beliefs concerning vaccinations and their earlier experiences with vaccinations. The study results suggest that the impregnating effect of one’s own opinions, beliefs, and experiences can be surmounted if vaccines are dispensed free and conveniently while the pathogen is irrationally and emotionally perceived as untamed and possibly severe and life threatening. It makes a significant difference as in such cases that the percentage of participants whose decisions concerning vaccination are influenced by the risks to life or health of one’s own or others rises by about 27 and 36 percent points, respectively. Therefore, in order to succeed, campaigns for vaccinations need to include strong subjective and emotional communication, appealing to negative emotions and exploiting the public’s fear of the unknown while stressing tangible and personal threats possibly resulting from acquiring a vaccine-preventable infectious disease.

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“…A preprint from Israel including parents with 5–11-year-old children, similar to our population, reported that 43% of these parents were hesitant to vaccinate their children ( 31 ). In July 2021, a small study conducted in Arkansas found that around 30% of parents will not vaccinate their children or only vaccinate them when required; interestingly, the hesitancy rates among parents of 12–18-year-old children were similar to the rate among parents with children younger than 12 years of age (28 and 27%, respectively) ( 32 ). Whereas recent studies from other countries found lower rates of vaccine hesitancy, studies from China, Vietnam, and Italy reported that about 26%, 21%, and 18% of parents were hesitant to vaccinate their 5–17-year-old, 3–17-year-old, and 12–18-year-old children, respectively ( 33 – 35 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parents' Hesitancy to Vaccinate Their 5–11-Year-Old Children Against COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia: Predictors From the Health Belief Model

Almalki

Alfayez

Yami

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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Data exploring parents' hesitancy to vaccinate their 5–11-year-old children against COVID-19, and associated factors, is limited. This study aims to investigate parents' beliefs and intentions to vaccinate their 5–11-year-old children using the Health Belief Model in Saudi Arabia. A national, cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was conducted in November, 2021. The self-administered online questionnaire was distributed to a random sample of parents. Adult parents with at least one 5–11-year-old child were included. The main outcome was parents' intention to vaccinate their 5–11-year-old children. Variability in parents' intention was assessed by demographics, COVID-19-related factors, children's health status, and constructs from the Health Belief Model. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression were used to investigate each factor and adjust for the intervariable effect on parental intention to vaccinate their children. Of the 4,135 participants, 61.9% were hesitant to vaccinate their 5–11-year-old children. Parents aged 31 to 40 years (OR = 1.23; 95% CI, 1.02–1.49) and females (OR = 1.52; 95% CI, 1.25–1.84) had higher odds of being hesitant to vaccinate their children than parents from other groups. Parents who perceived low benefit from the vaccine (OR = 16.3; 95% CI, 12.1–21.9) or who had safety or efficacy concerns (OR = 3.76; 95% CI, 3.10–4.58) were among the most hesitant to vaccinate their children. In conclusion, vaccine hesitancy is prevalent among parents of 5–11-year-old children in Saudi Arabia and those who had beliefs of minimal benefits or lack of safety from the COVID-19 vaccine were more hesitant. Government efforts must be directed toward increasing parents' vaccine awareness and tackling the constructs of the Health Belief Model through a well-designed vaccination campaign.

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Parents’ and Guardians’ Intentions to Vaccinate Children against COVID-19

Cited by 17 publications

References 23 publications

Parents' reasons to vaccinate their children aged 5–11 years against COVID-19 in Italy

Parents' reasons to vaccinate their children aged 5–11 years against COVID-19 in Italy

Fear of Illness and Convenient Access to Vaccines Appear to Be the Missing Keys to Successful Vaccination Campaigns: Analysis of the Factors Influencing the Decisions of Hospital Staff in Poland concerning Vaccination against Influenza and COVID-19

Parents' Hesitancy to Vaccinate Their 5–11-Year-Old Children Against COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia: Predictors From the Health Belief Model

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