Parents Who Adopt Deprived Children Have a Difficult Task

Rijk, C.H.A.M.; Hoksbergen, R.A.C.; Laak, J.J.F. ter; Dijkum, Cor van; Robbroeckx, L. H. M.

doi:10.1300/j145v09n02_03

Cited by 31 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In line with these arguments, it may be considered that the behavioral issues of adoptees are especially explained by their status which could also lead to a higher risk of low IQ (Behen, Helder, Rothermel, Solomon, & Chugani, 2008;Miller, Chan, Tirella, & Perrin, 2009), insecure attachment (Palacios et al, 2009;Rutter et al, 2007b;van den Dries, Juffer, van Ijzendoorn, & Bakermans-Kranenburg, 2009), and poor parenting and stress in the adopting family (Gagnon-Oosterwaal et al, 2012b;Judge, 2003;Palacios et al, 2009;Rijk, Hoksbergen, ter Laak, van Dijkum, & Robbroeckx, 2006;Sánchez-Sandoval & Palacios, 2012), leading to a higher cumulative score on average in adoptees than controls. In other words, by contrast with the cumulative effect hypothesis, adoptive status as a risk factor in isolation is held to be sufficient to derail adoptees' behavior.…”

Section: Adopted Adolescents Follow a Different Pathway To Behavioralmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is there a common pathway to maladjustment for internationally adopted and non-adopted adolescents?

Roskam¹,

Stiévenart²

2014

Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology

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The main purpose of the research was to test whether cumulative effects represent a common pathway to behavioral maladjustment for internationally adopted adolescents and controls. The findings of previous comparison and follow-up studies have been contradictory. The hypothesis was tested in an original multi-informant study with 74 adolescents: 40 adoptees and 34 controls. The analyses of the data provided arguments in favor of the existence of a common pathway for adoptees and controls. The accumulation of risk factors in the current characteristics of the adolescents and their family was significantly associated with behavioral outcomes of both adoptees and controls. Implications for research, policy and practice are discussed. The main purpose of the research was to test whether cumulative effects represent a common pathway to behavioral maladjustment for internationally adopted adolescents and controls. The findings of previous comparison and follow-up studies have been contradictory. The hypothesis was tested in an original multi-informant study with 74 adolescents: 40 adoptees and 34 controls. The analyses of the data provided arguments in favor of the existence of a common pathway for adoptees and controls. The accumulation of risk factors in the current characteristics of the adolescents and their family was significantly associated with behavioral outcomes of both adoptees and controls. Implications for research, policy and practice are discussed.© 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.The literature on adoption is vast and rich. One of the major lines of research is comparison studies in which adopted participants are compared with control participants. In this set of studies, the fact of being adopted is considered as a risk factor per se that can lead to significant developmental differences in favor of the control participants. Another major line of research is follow-up studies analyzing the influence of deprivation severity (e.g., age of adoption, pre-adoption abuse or neglect) and other key-risk factors (e.g., age of the biological mother, low birth weight, drug exposure) on behavioral outcomes in adoptees. Because adoption research has been more concerned with outcomes than processes (Palacios, Román, Moreno, & León, 2009), we found in these two sets of studies contradictory arguments with regard to the main question of the current research, i.e. is there a common pathway to behavioral maladjustment for internationally adopted and nonadopted adolescents? In particular, do cumulative effects constitute a common pathway for this issue? The cumulative effect hypothesis is tested here as a well-known pathway in developmental psychopathology (Cicchetti & Rogosch, 1996), by considering current adolescent and family factors, i.e. IQ, attachment and parenting, and their cumulative effect on behavioral maladjustment. After a presentation of the cumulative effect hypothesis, arguments in favor of a negative answer to the main question will be presented first before others supporting a positive a...

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Section: Adopted Adolescents Follow a Different Pathway To Behavioralmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is there a common pathway to maladjustment for internationally adopted and non-adopted adolescents?

Roskam¹,

Stiévenart²

2014

Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology

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“…Likewise, cross-sectional research on adoptive families suggests a link between perceived behavior problems and stress, such that parents who report more problems exhibit higher levels of stress (Farr et al; Miller, Chan, Tirella, & Perrin, 2009; Rijk et al, 2006). Longitudinal research on adoptive families has found similar relationships between child behavior problems and parenting stress (McCarty et al, 1999; Viana & Welsh, 2010).…”

Section: Characteristics Of the Childmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some research has found higher parenting stress in adoptive parents than biological parents (McGlone, Santos, Kazama, Fong, & Mueller, 2002; Rijk, Hoksbergen, ter Laak, Dijkum, & Robbroeckx, 2006). Given the unique context of adoptive families, there is a need for research that explores what factors – particularly those in the pre-adoptive phase, which are amenable to prevention efforts – lead to stress in early parenthood.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of parenting stress in lesbian, gay, and heterosexual adoptive parents during early parenthood.

Goldberg

Smith

2014

Journal of Family Psychology

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Little work has examined parenting stress in adoptive parents, particularly lesbian and gay adoptive parents. The current longitudinal study examined parent-reported child characteristics (measured post-placement) and parent and family characteristics (measured pre-placement) as predictors of post-placement parenting stress and change in parenting stress across three time points during the first 2 years of adoptive parenthood, among 148 couples (50 lesbian, 40 gay, and 58 heterosexual) who were first-time parents. Children in the sample were, on average, 5.61 months (SD = 10.26) when placed, and 2.49 years (SD = .85) at the 2 year post-placement follow-up. Findings revealed that parents who had been placed with older children, and parents who perceived severe emotional/behavioral problems in their children, reported more post-placement stress. In addition, parents who reported fewer depressive symptoms, more love for their partners, and more family and friend support during the pre-placement period, had less post-placement stress. Parenting stress decreased for parents who perceived severe emotional/behavioral problems in their children, while it increased somewhat for those who reported developmental problems in their children. Findings highlight vulnerabilities and resources that may shape adoptive parents’ experiences of stress in early parenthood, and have implications for both researchers and professionals who wish to support adoptive family adjustment.

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“…According to some studies, adoptive parents report higher levels of stress than biological ones (McGlone et al 2002;Paley et al 2006;Rijk et al 2006); other studies, however, have reported lower levels of stress in adoptive parents than those found in the normative population (Bird et al 2002;Ceballo et al 2004;Judge 2003;LevyShiff et al 1990;Palacios and Sanchez-Sandoval 2006). This discrepancy shows a need for further research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Many studies have documented that later placement and prolonged institutionalisation are associated with more negative outcomes for children in all the main areas of development (Fox et al 2011;Miller et al 2009;Nelson et al 2007), indicating the critical importance of considering these variables in association with parenting stress. Also, parents' perceptions of their children's emotional and behavioural difficulties are positively related to parenting stress: parents who perceive more problems in their child show more stress in playing their role (Goldberg and Smith 2014;Judge 2003;Mainemer et al 1998;McGlone et al 2002;Miller et al 2009;Rijk et al 2006;Viana and Welsh 2010). Finally, some authors have suggested that parents of international adopted children may experience more stress than parents of domestic adopted children, coming from child's early adversities (McGuinness and Pallansch 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of Parenting Stress During Early Adoptive Parenthood

et al. 2017

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Parenting stress has a crucial influence on the parent-child relationship, the functioning of the family, and the development of children. Few studies have examined parenting stress in adoptive families during early parenthood, and fewer still have considered this issue in association with the quality of both couple and social relationships. The current study was intended to investigate predictors of parenting stress in a community sample of 56 adoptive parents from Italy, for a total of 112 participants. Our goals were to: 1) evaluate parenting stress among adoptive parents during the first postadoption year, and 2) identify whether and to what extent parenting stress can be predicted by certain characteristics of the child (gender, age at adoption, years of institutionalisation, presence/absence of disease on arrival, emotional and behavioural difficulties), of parents' individual well-being (e.g., the presence of depressive symptoms), of relationships within the couple (sexual satisfaction, tenderness between partners, quarrelling) and with the social context (real and potential social support). In the analyses parents' gender effect and intercorrelations between the partners were taken into account. Results of multiple regression analysis and relative weight analysis highlighted the great importance of children's age at adoption and their emotional and behavioural difficulties in predicting both mothers' and fathers' stress, but also the contribution of the couple relationship quality as a protective factor that could reduce the level of parenting stress.

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Parents Who Adopt Deprived Children Have a Difficult Task

Cited by 31 publications

References 27 publications

Is there a common pathway to maladjustment for internationally adopted and non-adopted adolescents?

Is there a common pathway to maladjustment for internationally adopted and non-adopted adolescents?

Predictors of parenting stress in lesbian, gay, and heterosexual adoptive parents during early parenthood.

Predictors of Parenting Stress During Early Adoptive Parenthood

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