Parents with serious mental illness: Differences in internalised and externalised mental illness stigma and gender stigma between mothers and fathers

Lacey, Melanie V.; Паолини, Стефаниа; Hanlon, Mary‐Claire; Melville, Jessica; Galletly, Cherrie; Campbell, Linda E.

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2014.09.010

Cited by 41 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…This finding is consistent with other work suggesting that concentration and multitasking may be uniquely challenging for parents with mental illness (Perera, Short, & Fernbacher, ; Thomas & Kalucy, ) or cognitive disability (Feldman & Walton‐Allen, ; Milot et al, ). Although we do not observe a similar reduction in fathers' predicted secondary child care time when they have a mental or cognitive disability, there is evidence that men and women experience mental illness in ways that affect their parenting differently (Lacey et al, ; Price‐Waterson, Reupert, & Maybery, 2015). Future analysis of the content and sequencing of these parents' primary activities may help elucidate gender differences.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

Benefactors and Beneficiaries? Disability and Care to Others

Shandra

Penner

2017

J of Marriage and Family

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Individuals with disabilities often have limitations that require care from others to increase functioning and facilitate activities of daily living. Despite these care‐receiving needs, evidence suggests people with disabilities are also care givers. This study uses the 2008–2015 American Time Use Survey to examine the association between the presence of sensory, mental or cognitive, physical, or multiple limitations and the likelihood and intensity of time spent in primary child care, secondary child care, adult care, care of nonhouseholders, and support care (housework). Net of socioeconomic characteristics, the authors do not observe consistent differences in predicted child care time by disability status, although men with disabilities spend less time in care to adults and nonhouseholders. The largest difference in predicted care time by disability status occurs in support care. Overall, the results challenge the traditional focus on people with disabilities as only beneficiaries of care to document their role as benefactors.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

Benefactors and Beneficiaries? Disability and Care to Others

Shandra

Penner

2017

J of Marriage and Family

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“…The findings of our study can be used to inform a personal recovery programme for fathers with a mental illness. Laceya et al (2015) concluded that fathers are more likely to perceive stigma related to the impact of their gender, while mothers with severe mental illness are more likely to perceive an internalised stigma associated with their mental illness. In our study, one father reported that his family saw him as having a contagious disease and who was not freely allowed to spend time with his daughter.…”

Section: Primary Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies for parenting by mothers and fathers with a mental illness

Ende

Busschbach

Nicholson

et al. 2016

Psychiatric Ment Health Nurs

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Accessible summary What is known on the subject? The combination of coping with their mental health problems and caring for children makes parents vulnerable. Family‐centred practice can help to maintain and strengthen important family relationships, and to identify and enhance the strengths of a parent with a mental illness, all contributing to the recovery of the person with the mental illness. What this paper adds to the existing knowledge? Taking the strength and the opportunities formulated by parents themselves as a starting point is fairly new. Parents with severe mental illness find strength for parenting in several ways. They feel responsible, and this helps them to stay alert while parenting, whereas parenthood also offers a basis for social participation through school contacts and the child's friendships. Dedication to the parent role provides a focus; parents develop strengths and skills as they find a balance between attending to their own lives and caring for their children; and parenting prompts them to find adequate sources of social support. In this study these strategies were found to be the fundamentals of recovery related to parenting. What are the implications for practice? Nurses can support and coach patients who are identified as parents, and self‐chosen parenting related goals are set and addressed. A family‐focused approach by nurses can be used to prevent problems for children and their families, identify their strengths as well as vulnerabilities, and address the challenges to build resilience. Abstract IntroductionUnderstanding of the problems of parents with mental illness is growing. Gaining insight into strategies for parenting, while taking the opportunities formulated by these parents themselves as a starting point is fairly new. QuestionWhat are the strategies of parents with a mental illness to be successful? MethodExperiences of 19 mothers and eight fathers with a mental illness were explored with in‐depth interviews. Data were content analysed, using qualitative methods. ResultsNext to feelings of inadequacy, interviewees also describe how children enrich and structure their lives and are not only a burden but serve as distraction from problems. Developing activities that interest both child and parent provides avenues for emerging strength. Mental illness constrains fathers, but also gives opportunities to develop a meaningful relation with their children. DiscussionStrategies like being fully dedicated to the parental role, finding a balance between attention for one's own life and parenting and finding adequate sources of support are found to be fundamental for recovery in the parent role. Implications for practicePeer groups can be of valuable help and mental health workers can support parents to set self‐chosen parenting related goals.

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“…), with mothers being more likely to develop self‐stigma when compared with fathers (Lacey et al . ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…; Lacey et al . ) and their relationships with their children (Maunu & Stein ; Mesidor & Maru ; Mullick et al . ), most of these studies were conducted in Western cultures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experiences of self‐stigmatization and parenting in Chinese mothers with severe mental illness

Chan

Bressington

2018

Int J Mental Health Nurs

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Mental health stigma has serious ramifications on people with a severe mental illness (SMI). Stigma damages self‐esteem, recovery outcomes, family relationships, socialization abilities, access to housing, and career prospects. The cultural tendencies of Chinese people have been shown to be associated with particularly high levels of stigmatization. These cultural tenets can result in high levels of self‐stigma due to experiencing shame and a perceived need to keep mental illness a secret. Although there is a lack of existing evidence, it is possible that such experiences present unique challenges to Chinese mothers diagnosed with SMI when they parent their children. Therefore, this qualitative study explored the experiences of parenting and self‐stigmatization of Chinese mothers with SMI. Individual semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 15 mothers who were direct carers of their children aged under 18 and who were receiving community‐based care in Hong Kong. Manual inductive thematic analysis was used to analyse the interview data. Three main themes related to self‐stigmatization emerged from the interviews: (i) distancing and being distanced; (ii) doubting myself; and (iii) struggling for control. The experiences of self‐stigmatization appeared to damage these mothers’ self‐efficacy, which may negatively affect their parenting self‐esteem, tendency to seek professional help, and ability to manage their own mental health. Strategies to improve self‐efficacy, including psychoeducation, and additional childcare support/resources are required for mothers with SMI so they can better manage and balance the demands of motherhood and their mental healthcare needs.

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Parents with serious mental illness: Differences in internalised and externalised mental illness stigma and gender stigma between mothers and fathers

Cited by 41 publications

References 46 publications

Benefactors and Beneficiaries? Disability and Care to Others

Benefactors and Beneficiaries? Disability and Care to Others

Strategies for parenting by mothers and fathers with a mental illness

Experiences of self‐stigmatization and parenting in Chinese mothers with severe mental illness

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