Parinaud's oculo-glandular syndrome secondary to sporotrichosis

Abstract

Parinaud's oculoglandular syndrome (PCOS) is a rare eye disease caused by different etiological agents, including bacteria, viruses and fungi. PCOS is a special form of granulomatous conjunctivitis and is often associated with cat scratch disease, herpes simplex infection, sporotrichosis, blastomycosis, and coccidioidomycosis. Sporotrichosis is a subcutaneous mycosis caused by the fungus Sporothrix schenckii with global distribution and, in general, patients are treated on an outpatient basis. Since 1998, there has been an increase in cases in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, especially due to zoonotic transmission involving cats. PCOS is characterized by granulomatous conjunctivitis accompanied by adjacent pre-auricular lymphadenopathy and systemic symptoms such as sweating, feeling sick, and fever. Complementary tests including culture confirm the diagnosis of sporotrichosis. Its classic clinical presentation should always be remembered by specialists so that the correct diagnosis and treatment with antifungal agents is carried out early, so that the condition can be resolved without sequelae for the patients.