Paris polyphylla: Chemical and Biological Prospectives

Negi, Jagmohan S.; Bisht, Vinod K.; Bhandari, Arvind K.; Bhatt, Vijay P.; Singh, Pawan; Singh, Narayan

doi:10.2174/1871520614666140611101040

Cited by 63 publications

(40 citation statements)

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“…The chemical composition of Chonglou includes steroidal saponins, phytoecdysones, phytosterols, flavonoids and fatty acid esters considered as the main constituents of Rhizoma paridis (Negi et al, ; Wang et al, ; Wu, Zhang, Xu, Wang, & Zhang, ). Among them, steroidal saponins are used as characteristic compounds for quality control (National Pharmacopoeia Committee, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and validation of a rapid and sensitive LC–MS/MS method for the determination of polyphyllin II in rat plasma and its application in a pharmacokinetic study

Yang

Gui

et al. 2020

Biomedical Chromatography

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Polyphyllin II, a major steroidal saponin isolated from Paris polyphylla, exhibits significant pharmacological activities. In this study, a rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method was established and validated for the determination of polyphyllin II in plasma. Polyphyllin II and polyphyllin VII (internal standard) were separated on a Waters Acquity™ HSS T3 column and the mass analysis was performed in a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer equipped with an electrospray ionization ion source. Results showed that the method was sensitive (lower limit of quantitation 0.5 ng/ml), precise (<15%) and linear in the range of 0.5–500 ng/ml (r > 0.99). Interestingly, the sensitivity in current study was ~10 times higher than that in the previous study. The results of the pharmacokinetic study of polyphyllin II in rats suggested that polyphyllin II was poorly absorbed into blood and reached its highest concentration at ~3.67–5.00 h with a slow elimination half‐life of 8.34–13.37 h. The bioavailability was 6.1–8.2%. The results indicated that the absorption of polyphyllin II may primarily occur via passive diffusion in rats. This study provides valuable information that can be used as a reference for the pharmacokinetic investigation of other steroidal saponins.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and validation of a rapid and sensitive LC–MS/MS method for the determination of polyphyllin II in rat plasma and its application in a pharmacokinetic study

Yang

Gui

et al. 2020

Biomedical Chromatography

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“…For example, the CYP90B subfamily has been well known to catalyze the rate-limiting sterol C22hydroxylation in brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthetic pathway 23,24 ; and it also displays low activity of sterol 16-hydroxylation 25 . Since the contents of pennogenin-derived saponins are low in the storage tissue rhizome throughout different living stages ( Supplementary Table 10) with diosgenin-based saponins being the main components 26 , we could not exclude the possibility that pennogenin might be a "side-product" that is generated by a moonlight P450 activity during the production of diosgenin.…”

Section: Biochemical Confirmation Of This Hypothesis Is Currently Undmentioning

confidence: 99%

An enormousParis polyphyllagenome sheds light on genome size evolution and polyphyllin biogenesis

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The monocot family Melanthiaceae with varying genome sizes in a range of 230-fold is an ideal model to study the genome size fluctuation in plants. Its family member Paris genus demonstrates an evolutionary trend of bearing huge genomes characterized by an average cvalue of 49.22 pg. Here, we report a 70.18 Gb genome assembly out of the 82.55 Gb genome of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis (PPY), which represents the biggest sequenced genome to date. We annotate 69.53% repetitive sequences in this genome and 62.50% of which are long-terminal repeat (LTR) transposable elements. Further evolution analysis indicates that the giant genome likely results from the joint effect of common and species-specific expansion of different LTR superfamilies, which might contribute to the environment adaptation after speciation. Moreover, we identify the candidate pathway genes for the biogenesis of polyphyllins, the PPY-specific medicinal saponins, by complementary approaches including genome mining, comprehensive analysis of 31 next-generation RNAseq data and 55.23 Gb single-molecule circular consensus sequencing (CCS) RNA-seq reads, and correlation of the transcriptome and phytochemical data of five different tissues at four growth stages. This study not only provides significant insights into plant genome size evolution, but also paves the way for the following polyphyllin synthetic biology.

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“…Studies have shown that PR has diverse pharmacological effects including antitumor [11][12][13], antimicrobial [14], anthelmintic activities [15], promoting hemostasis [16], antifungal [17], and immuno-stimulating properties [18]. The major active components in PR are spirostanol saponins including polyphyllin VII, VI, I, II, which are as the markers for quality control of PR [19]. Besides the spirostanol glycosides, furostanol glycosides with an open side-chain at C-22 is another type of steroidal saponins in PR [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simple and Economic Limewater-based Conversion of Spirostanol Saponins: Using Paridis Rhizoma as a case study

Yu¹,

Bu²,

Shen³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Green and economic conversion of spirostanol saponins in the plant is considered as an attracting area in pharmaceutical applications. We aimed to provide a practical paradigm named limewater-based conversion of spirostanol saponins (LCSS), meanwhile, a widely-used traditional Chinese herbal medicine, Paridis Rhizoma (PR), was selected as a case study. Methods Based on single factor experiments, response surface methodology (RSM) using a Box-Behnken design (BBD) was employed to optimize processing time, limewater concentration and solvent volume to obtain a maximum total saponins yield from PR. H1299, A549 and HeLa cell lines was carried out to check pharmacological effect of Crude Paridis Rhizoma (CPR) and Processed Paridis Rhizoma (PPR), and the technology was reconfirmed by another herbal medicine, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (AR). Results The optimal conditions were: processing time of 24 h, limewater concentration of 0.12% limewater and solvent volume of 60 mL/30 g. Under these conditions, the contents of polyphyllin VII, polyphyllin II, dioscin, gracillin, and polyphyllin I had 1.131 ± 0.448, 1.835 ± 0.479, 1.430 ± 0.550, 1.761 ± 0.571 and 1.668 ± 0.360 times increasing in four batches of PR, which was responsible for the increasing of total spirostanol saponins (TSS) in PPR. In addition, the extracts of PPR exhibited stronger antitumor potential than that of CPR on H1299, A549 and HeLa cell lines based on MTT test and cell scratch test. The efficiency of proposed LCSS was then reconfirmed by Anemarrhenae Rhizome (AR), indicating its capacity in broader application. Conclusion This study depicted a LCSS strategy that may have great potential in achieving effective and economic improvement of spirostanol saponin accumulation in herbal medicines.

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Paris polyphylla: Chemical and Biological Prospectives

Cited by 63 publications

References 0 publications

Development and validation of a rapid and sensitive LC–MS/MS method for the determination of polyphyllin II in rat plasma and its application in a pharmacokinetic study

Development and validation of a rapid and sensitive LC–MS/MS method for the determination of polyphyllin II in rat plasma and its application in a pharmacokinetic study

An enormousParis polyphyllagenome sheds light on genome size evolution and polyphyllin biogenesis

A Simple and Economic Limewater-based Conversion of Spirostanol Saponins: Using Paridis Rhizoma as a case study

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