Paris saponin VII inhibits metastasis by modulating matrix metalloproteinases in colorectal cancer cells

Abstract

Metastasis is the main cause of mortality of patients with cancer-related disease. Targeting the process of metastasis has been proposed as a potential strategy in cancer treatment. Trillium tschonoskii Maxim., a traditional Chinese medicine, is used for the treatment of numerous diseases, including cancer. The current study aimed to determine the anti-metastatic effect of Paris saponin VII (PS VII), which was extracted from T. tschonoskii Maxim., using SW620 and LoVo cells, two human metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines. The present study conducted cell attachment, wound healing and migration assays to detect the anti-metastatic effects of PS VII on colorectal cells. In addition, gelatin zymography assay and western blot analysis were used to detect the possible mechanisms involved. The results of this study demonstrated that PS VII significantly suppresses the viability, attachment, migration and invasive abilities of CRC cells in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, PS Ⅶ reduced the expression levels and activity of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9. These data indicate that PS VII reduces the metastatic capability of CRC cells, possibly via the downregulation of the expression and activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9. These results demonstrate a novel therapeutic potential for PS VII in anti-metastatic therapy.

Polyphyllin II inhibits liver cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion through downregulated cofilin activity and the AKT/NF-κB pathway

“…Li et al have reported the inhibition of human lung cancer cells by polyphyllin I, while Shi and his colleagues found the same suppression of PPI in hepatocellular carcinoma cells Shi et al, 2015). PPD has been demonstrated to be effective for the inhibition of breast cancer cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo (Lee et al, 2005), and the anti-cancer properties of PP7 were found in liver, lung, breast and colorectal cancer cells (Zhang et al, 2016a;Lin et al, 2015;He et al, 2016;Fan et al, 2015). These studies display good potential and broad application prospects for polyphyllins in antitumor research.…”

Paris saponin VII suppresses osteosarcoma cell migration and invasion by inhibiting MMP-2/9 production via the p38 MAPK signaling pathway

“…Natural products are currently receiving increased attention in cancer therapy research for their anti-tumor properties and reduced side-effects compared with traditional chemotherapeutics ( 26 , 27 ). Previous studies have demonstrated that PS VII suppresses cell proliferation, migration and invasion in colorectal ( 16 – 18 ), cervical ( 19 ), breast ( 20 ) and lung ( 21 ) cancer cells. Although previous studies have demonstrated the anti-tumor activity of PS VII, the effect of PS VII on osteosarcoma cell migration and invasion, and the molecular mechanisms had not been investigated.…”

“…Li et al ( 16 , 17 ) have demonstrated that PS VII suppresses the growth of colorectal cancer cells via the Ras pathway in vitro and in vivo . Fan et al ( 18 ) demonstrated that PS VII suppresses colorectal cancer cell metastasis by regulating MMP-2 and -9 production. PS VII has also been reported to suppress the proliferation and induce the apoptosis of cervical and breast cancer cells ( 19 , 20 ).…”

Paris Saponins enhance radiosensitivity in a gefitinib-resistant lung adenocarcinoma cell line by inducing apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle phase arrest

“…PSI is a potent anti-tumor agent that inhibits cell proliferation and acts as a radiosensitizer for gefitinib-resistant NSCLC cells (13,26). Although PSI has been extensively studied for its ability to inhibit tumor growth in various types of cancer (13,(26)(27)(28)(29), PSII, PSVI and PSVII have only recently emerged as potential anti-tumor agents (30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35). To the best of our knowledge, the radiosensitization potential of PSII, PSVI, and PSVII in TKI-resistant NSCLC has yet to be investigated.…”