Paroxysmal Hemiballism/Hemichorea Resulting from Transient Ischemic Attacks

Transient Hemiballismus Induced by High G in a Fast Jet Pilot

“…This is in keeping with a vascular etiology. Hemiballism has been reported in the context of transient ischemic attacks, but our pilot's episode occurred approximately 1 minute after the final high G z maneuver ended. We therefore hypothesize that hypoperfusion of the STN may have been followed by a reperfusion‐related movement disorder.…”

Hemichorea-hemiballismus as the initial manifestation of symptomatic middle cerebral artery dissection

“…A variety of conditions can cause acquired hemichorea-hemiballismus syndrome. [ 9 – 11 ] These include structural damage to deep brain structures (cerebrovascular disease, [ 12 ] infection, trauma, neoplasia), or be associated with autoimmune/inflammatory disorders (antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, [ 13 ] paraneoplastic chorea), [ 14 ] metabolic derangement (nonketotic hyperglycemia), [ 15 , 16 ] or exposure to certain drugs (dopamine agonist or phenytoin). As shared with the same pattern of movements regardless of its underlying etiology, the differential diagnosis of hemichorea-hemiballismus syndrome relies on accompanying features, age, mode of onset and laboratory or imaging examinations.…”

Acute hemichorea revealing atrial flutter

“…Most of the time, they are a consequence of contralateral MCA or carotid stenosis. [234] Hemichorea has already been reported as a transient ischemic phenomenon in a patient with Moyamoya disease, wherein symptoms were induced by hyperventilation. [6] In the same way, limb-shaking (LS) is a well-known condition consisting in brief involuntary hyperkinetic movements involving unilaterally arm-hand alone or arm-hand and leg together and is usually due to transient cerebral ischemia resulting from contralateral major carotid atheromatous disease.…”

“…[1] In the same way, acute hemiballism or hemichorea are extremely uncommon presentations of TIA and mostly occur in cases of arterial stenosis involving the contralateral carotid or middle cerebral artery (MCA). [234] Atrial fibrillation (AF) is highly prevalent in TIA patients (up to 18.6%) and needs an appropriate treatment. [5] We report a case with video documentation of acute left hemichorea revealing atrial flutter.…”