Paroxysmal Nonepileptic Events in Children

Lagorio, Ilaria; Brunelli, Lorenzo; Striano, Pasquale

doi:10.1212/cpj.0000000000001171

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…44,45 An important point to emphasise is that PNEEs often mimic non-epileptic seizures due to the similarity of clinical symptoms such as syncope, loss of consciousness, headache, vomiting, dizziness, irregular breathing or emotional and psychological problems. 1 There is no single specialised medication or treatment method specific to PNEEs that can help young patients. So far, mainly psychological and psychiatric care has been used, as well as treatment of any comorbidities (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These manifestations can closely mimic seizures, leading to clinical confusion. 1 Non-epileptic seizure disorders, due to the diverse and uncharacteristic clinical picture, pose a major diagnostic challenge. Unfortunately, epilepsy is currently overdiagnosed, which results in the inclusion of antiepileptic drugs without the need to use them.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paroxysmal non-epileptic events vs epilepsy – what we know and where we are in medicine?

Syzdoł,

Ziółkiewicz,

Sielwanowska

et al. 2024

Eur J Clin Exp Med

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Introduction and aim. Paroxysmal non-epileptic events (PNEEs) are neurological conditions that include behavioral changes or disturbances of consciousness. The aim of the article is to compare individual paroxysmal non-epileptic events disorders, to indicate differences in their clinical picture and to discuss their differential diagnosis. Material and methods. A review of the most common non-epileptic paroxysmal events is presented based on the available literature of PubMed and Google Scholar databases from 2000 to 2023. Analysis of the literature. Depending on the age of the child, the nature and type of seizures are variable. Unfortunately, epilepsy is currently overdiagnosed, which results in the inclusion of antiepileptic drugs without the need to use them. This may be related to the immaturity of the central nervous system, malfunctioning of other organs or have a psychogenic background. In most cases, they do not require pharmacological treatment. Conclusion. Paroxysmal non-epileptic events, due to the diverse and uncharacteristic clinical picture, pose a major diagnostic challenge. Because of the current overdiagnosis of epilepsy they should always bear in mind differential diagnosis. This is important because of the differences in the treatment of these disorders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paroxysmal non-epileptic events vs epilepsy – what we know and where we are in medicine?

Syzdoł,

Ziółkiewicz,

Sielwanowska

et al. 2024

Eur J Clin Exp Med

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show abstract

“…Children with paroxysmal nonepileptic events may have hyperkinetic disorders, psychiatric problems or syncopal events diagnosed as epilepsy. 6 Symptoms and signs of paroxysmal nonepileptic events vary with age and range from headache, vomiting, dizziness, loss of consciousness, change in breathing patterns, shuddering, and tics. 7 Individuals with cerebral palsy have a high incidence of imitators of epilepsy, such as staring episodes related to weakness or common dystonic motor repertoires, including a prominent Moro reflex, asymmetric tonic neck reflex, or opisthotonus.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Paroxysmal Nonepileptic Events in Children With Epilepsy and Cerebral Palsy

et al. 2023

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Objective To determine the frequency of paroxysmal nonepileptic events in children with cerebral palsy due to brain injury who have epilepsy and to describe the factors associated with paroxysmal nonepileptic events. Methods: Retrospective, population-based study of children from the Victorian CP Register born 1999–2006. Neuroimaging, medical records, electroencephalograms (EEG), and EEG requests were analyzed. Results: Of the included 256 children, 87 had epilepsy. EEGs (with video correlation) were available for 82 of 87. Eighteen (18/82, 22%) had epileptic events captured on EEG. Twenty-one (21/82, 26%) had paroxysmal nonepileptic events captured on EEG. The majority (13/18, 77%) of children with epileptic events also had paroxysmal nonepileptic events captured. Ten parents and carers continued to report events as epileptic despite there being no ictal EEG correlate for specific events on multiple EEGs. There were no clear associations to identify which children would have ongoing paroxysmal nonepileptic events reported. Conclusions: Paroxysmal nonepileptic events were captured on EEG in one-fourth of children from this cerebral palsy cohort with epilepsy and available EEG. Half the parents and carers reported previously identified paroxysmal nonepileptic events as epileptic on subsequent EEGs, highlighting the need for clearer counseling so that parents better understand seizure semiology in children with EEG-proven paroxysmal nonepileptic events.

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Movement disorders and seizures: Overlapping phenomenology, shared etiologies and diagnostic challenges

Gaber,

Shalash

2024

International Review of Movement Disorders

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Paroxysmal Nonepileptic Events in Children

Cited by 5 publications

References 41 publications

Paroxysmal non-epileptic events vs epilepsy – what we know and where we are in medicine?

Paroxysmal non-epileptic events vs epilepsy – what we know and where we are in medicine?

Paroxysmal Nonepileptic Events in Children With Epilepsy and Cerebral Palsy

Movement disorders and seizures: Overlapping phenomenology, shared etiologies and diagnostic challenges

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